THIS PERIOD is 1800 TO 1829
03/06/2013
ALBERTA HISTORY 1830-1849
ALBERTA HISTORY Return to ALBERTA INDEX
1800
(II)-James Bird, Metis, (1798/1800-1892), Prince Albert at Sturgeon River, son (I)-James Curtis Bird (1773-1856) and Mary Kelly a Swampy Cree; married 1825, Belly River N.W.T., Sally Sarah aka Sarah Butts, a Piegan Native b-1809.
(II)-Joseph Bird. Metis, (1800-1878) Edmonton, House son (I)-James Bird (1773-1856) and Mary Kelly Indian believed to be Cree
A man named Cardinal married Angelique Robillard, Metis, b-1800 Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), died October 1870, St. Albert (Alberta) daughter Robillard a French Canadian and Iroquois woman. Angelique 2nd marriage 1853, Lac La Biche, Charles Beauregard.
Jacques Cardinal Sr. may have been at Rocky Mountain House this year but a
man by this name married at this date or earlier, he was at Fort des Prairies
(1811-1812) with NWC, Columbia District (1812-1821), HBC (1821-1830) 1822 Lesser
Slave Lake, 1826 on the Saskatchewan, three likely children: it's possible this
entry represents one man or three?
Jacques Cardinal Jr. Metis worked HBC (1829-1831)
Saskatchewan
Joseph Cardinal Metis
Angelique Cardinal Metis
Joseph Cardinal who married Rose Grise (Cree) has been in Alberta since about this time and is an early resident of the Lac La Biche des Metis settlement (Alberta). Their son is Alexis Cardinal born 1820's Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta) who married about 1846 Nancy Quintal also of Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta). Alexis is Father Lacombe's guide.
Josephte Suzette Cardinal, Metis, b-1800, Lac La Biche (Alberta), died Lac La Biche, daughter Joseph Cardinal, b-1756 Quebec and Lizette Maskegan, a Native, d-1873 Lac La Biche, 1st married Joseph Ladouceur, b-1777/80, Quebec: 2nd married Joseph Desjarlais, Metis,Jr. b-1794 son Joseph Desjarlais, Sr. b-1754, Quebec and Okemakwe.
CHILDREN FIRST MARRIAGE
Marie Catherine Ladouceur, Metis b-1810, married Augustin Auger
b-1825 & Michel Joachim Bruneau
b1806
Joseph Ladouceur, Metis
b-1813, Beaver River (Alberta) married Julie Auger, (Alberta), b-1822 Lac La Biche
(Alberta).
Augustin Ladouceur,
Maxime Ladouceur,
Gabriel Ladouceur
Mildtred Ladouceur,
Charlotte Ladouceur Metis , b-1814 married Pierre Quintal
Louise Ladouceur, Metis b-1820,
Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta), died 1906, married, 1837, Fort Edmonton, Joseph
Beaudry Jr.
Josephte Ladouceur Metis ?
CHILDREN SECOND MARRIAGE
To Joseph Desjarlais Metis b-1754 and Okemakwe. This could also represent more than
Josephs children:
Antoine Desjarlais Metis son Joseph Desjarlais Sr. b-1754 and Okemakwe of
Mackinac, he married Napitch Cree and was known to have been in Lac La Biche in
1810 NWC (1803-1820), He had two sons and two or more daughters by
1814
Antoine Desjarlais Metis b-1810 HBC (1846-1858)
Jean Baptiste Desjallais Metis b-1780 son Joseph Desjarlais Sr.
b-1754 and Okemakwe of Mackinac, he married 1805 Lislette Cardinal and in 1810
married Charlotte Cardinal.
Angel (Adel) Desjarlais Metis b-1820 Lac La Biche married
1861 Lac La Biche Francois Cardinal b-1831
Josephte Desjarlais Metis b-1823 d-1849 Red River
Joseph Desjarlais Metis b-1822 Big Lake (St. Albert) married Dorion, Slave Lake
Suzanne Desjarlais Metis b-1822 Big Lake (St. Albert) married Joseph Pepamowew Courteoreille,
Lac St Ann
Marie Desjarlaisb-Metis 1824 Lac La Biche, married Azure Hamelin, Battle River,
Antoine Blandion
Francois Pichsis (Payasis) Desjarlais Metis b-1824 Beaver
River , Lac La Biche, married 1844 Euplrosine Auger Metis b-1828 Lesser Slave
Lake
Jean Marie Desjarlais, Metis b-1830 Beaver River District,
married Marguerite Gladu
Paulette Desjarlais, Metis b-1830 Devil Lake (St. Albert) or Lac La Biche,
married Lizerre Bruneau, 1868 Betsy Cardinal
Genevieve Desjarlais Metis b-1827/33 married (II)-James Pruden, Metis
(1823-1902),
Victoria Desjarlais Metis
Judith Desjarlais,Metis married Louisonsis, Slave Lake,
Guillaume Villebrune
Marguerite Desjarlais Metis b-1839 married St, Luc Cardinel,
b-1836 Lac La Biche
Josephte (Suzette) Cardinal, Metis, b1800, Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta) daughter Joseph Cardinal, soldat, b-1756, St Laurent, Quebec, died September 1, 1854, Lac La Biche (Alberta) and (married 1798) Lizette Maskegan, d-1873, Lac La Biche (1st married 1794, Rose Cree); marriage 1809 Joseph Ladouceur b-1777/80. who married Joseph Desjarlais Metis Jr. b-1794. Josephte would be age nine when married, it is more likely she was born between 1794 to 1797, her father was married to two women same time, maybe more: married 1794 Rose Cree, married 1798 Lizette Maskegan and a 3rd marriage is also known.
Marie Catherine Cardinal, Metis, b-1800, Fort Edmonton (Alberta) daughter Joseph Cardinal, b-1756, St Laurent, Quebec, died September 1, 1854, Lac La Biche (Alberta) and (married 1798) Lizette Maskegan (1st married 1794, Rose Cree); married 1818 Moose Hills, Pierre Eiaiowew, her father was married to two women same time, maybe more.
Antoine Clement Sr. NWC (1799-1806) but usually a freeman is at Rocky Mountain House
Francois Decoigne of the NWC, re-built Fort de I'lsle 20 miles upstream from Fort George on the Saskatchewan River.
Cecile Dumont, born 1800, likely Saskatchewan River (Alberta) daughter Jean Baptiste Dumont and Josette Sarcee, married before 1815, Fort Edmonton, (Alberta) Jacques Berger
(I)-Peter Fiddler (1769-1822), who established a post and wintered on the mouth of the Red Deer River, (Alberta) reported that many Ojibwa, Nipissing and Iroquois were working the Alberta fur trade, especially in the Peace River country and along the eastern slope of the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains). "XY' Company quickly established a post next to Fiddler's Hudson Bay post called Chesterfield House. A large band is at Chesterfield House and Jack Pine Mountain (Cypress Hills) but refuse to trade with 'XY' or Hudson Bay people.
(III)-Augustin Yoostah Finlay Metis (1800-1883)
born Rocky Mountain House, died Flathead Reservation, Montana, son (II)-Jacques
Raphael (Jocko) Finlay Metis (1768-1828) and Chippewa Girl; He was a free trader
like his father for HBC (1828-1842) but he came and went as he pleased. In
1842 and 1844 he was at Port d'Enfer (Hellgate, Montana) with some of his
sisters and brothers. In 1847 he was in colville Vally near Fort Colvile.
In August 1840, he married Clemence Cah-Le-Moss
(1816/20-1909), Flathead, daughter of Thérèse. Their children were
(IV)-Susanne Finlay Metis
(IV)-Louis Finlay Metis
(IV)-David Finlay Metis
(IV)-Thérèse Finlay Metis
(IV)-Marie LaRose Finlay Metis b-1851
(IV)-LaLouise Finlay Metis
(IV)-Felicite Finlay Metis
(IV)-Vincent Finlay Metis
(IV)-Marie Finlay Metis
(IV)-Agatha Finlay Metis b-1849
(IV)-Philomene Finlay Metis b-1853
(IV)-Rose Finlay Metis
(IV)-Margaret Finlay Metis b-1858
Jasper Hawes, a Northwest Trading Company clerk, established Jasper's House as a supply depot at Brule Lake (meaning Burnt Lake but also refers to Metis who were in this area in the 1790's) and later called Jasper Lake after Jasper Hawes. This post was relocated in 1828 to Devona Siding and used until 1884. Jasper House was originally called Rocky Mountain House. Not to be confused with Peter Pangman of the North West Company who ascended the North Saskatchewan as far as the site of Rocky Mountain House in 1789..
(V)-Louis Loyer Metis b-1800/03 joined NWC
(1817-1821) no location stated; HBC (1821-1826) Lesser Slave Lake, (1826-1828)
listed colonist; (1828-1831) & (1828-1836) Saskatchewan District; listed
(1831-1832) colonist, married 1st Jenne Metis, 2nd marriage Isabelle Gray, 3rd
marriage 1851 Lac La Biche Anne Louis Genevieve b-1811
(VI)-Catherine Loyer Metis (1828-1895) married 1845 Jean
Baptiste L'Hirondelle Metis (18178-1876)
(VI)-Alexander Loyer Metis b-1828
(VI)-Louis Loyer Metis b-1831/32 Fort Assiniboine married
Ange Belcourt b-1835
(VII)-Samual Loyer Metis b-1866
married 1891 Isabelle Gladux b-1875 Lac Ste Anne
(I)-Duncan McGillivray (1770-1808), (II)-Jaco Finlay Metis (1768-1828) and half brother (II)-James Finlay Metis (1766-1830), who kept an outpost of the Rocky Mountain House at Kootenay Plain crossed the Howse Pass. Joseph Howse crossed the well traveled pass in 1809 and called it the Howes Pass. Some suggest (II)-Jaco Finlay Metis (1768-1822) was in Kootenai and Columbia District (1800-1828) working between Fort Edmonton, Kootenai, Flathead country and Spokane areas. It's noteworthy Jaco died Spokane House in 1828.
(III)-Peter Skene
Ogden (1790/94-1854) married likely about 1814 Marie Comtois Cree/Metis woman born
Jasper House 1800/ 1807, died 1875 Fort Macleod, daughter of Sious Comtois and
Josephte Fagnant Metis He was
assigned 1810 Île-á-la-Crosse, Saskatchewan, assigned 1814 Green Lake Post 100
miles south. In 1816 he fled to
Columbia District to avoid murder charges.
Some say the murder charges were from Quebec. He
abandoned his wife and children. He later
married Julie Rivet. (IV)-Peter Jr.
however was educated in Red River so he must have made some arrangements.
Some say Marie Comtois had two sons but I only found one.
(IV)-Annie Ogden Metis
(IV)-Sarah Julia (Jane) Ogden Metis who married Archibald
McKinlay
(IV)-Peter Ogden Jr. Metis (1817-1870) likely Cree/Metis
Woman Marie Comtois, he married Euphrosini/Phristine/Freezen Brabant (1817-1889)
daughter of Augustine Branbant of Quebec and Angelique Lucer.
Jean Baptiste Paul Metis b-1800 likely Ile-a-la Crosse joined HBC (1823-1827) as
a bowman out Ile-a-la Crosse (Saskatchewan)
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) departed Fort George for Fort Augustus on horse back, then on to Rocky Mountain House following the Blackfoot Trail out of Fort Augustus.
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) went to Rocky Mountain House. He sent LaGassi and Le Blanc to cut trail over the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains) with the Kootenay Indians who came to trade Rocky Mountain House. They wanted guns to fend off the Blackfoot.
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) entered into treaty with the Piegans on the Bow River, allowing a number of Saulteaux (Ojibwa), Iroquois and Nipissing traders to work the Stony Mountains for furs and thereby providing a barrier between the Piegan and their enemies. They were not long in the region before they were trading over the mountains. They discovered the Tete Jaune Cache Pass (Yellowhead Pass aka Leather Pass). They also opened the Athabasca Pass; the gateway to the Columbia River Department. A trader named Thomas Iroquois would later guide (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) over the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains) to the Columbia, as the Piegans would not allow him to pass. It is noteworthy that most assume (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) was the first to cross the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains) into uncharted territory. However, many traders had preceded him. Notably Jocko Findlay, a Metis, son of James Findlay Sr., preceded him by at least a year but he is generally ignored in history books. It is also noteworthy that Old Swan, a.k.a. Ak Ko Makki, a Sikiska Chief, provided a detailed map of the west to the Hudson Bay company, and both (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and the Lewis and Clark Expedition had access to these maps, which were upgraded of all known information on access to the Pacific, by Peter Fiddler . The Yellowhead Pass (Tête Jaune Cache) was named after Pierre Bostonais Iroquois Metis with yellow hair..
A French/Canadian trader named the 'Beautiful Highlands' (named by the Cree) as the Cypress Hills. He had mistaken the lodge pole pines for cypress or Jack Pines of Quebec.
(II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) and (Charles?) Lagasse and Lablanc are believed by some to have reached the Columbia River and possibly the Pacific Ocean by this time or earlier. A Charles Lagasse worked the Columbia District and was a guide for (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) when David first crossed the divide he had his wife (II)-Charlotte Small, Metis (1784/5-1848/1856) daughter (I)-Patrick Small and Cree Indian woman and three of their children with him. It is noteworthy Jacko was in Columbia District on and off from 1800 to 1828. He was in Kootenai and Flathead country (1800-1809) as was (II)- James Finlay Metis (1766-1830).
Angelique Robillard, Metis, b-1800, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), died October 1870, St. Albert (Alberta) daughter Robillard a French Canadian and Iroquois Woman; 1st married 1815 a Cardinal; 2nd married 1853, Lac La Biche, Charles Beauregard, d-1885..
(I)-John Stuart (1780-1847) of N.W.C. built Little Red River post on the Peace River near the mouth of the Mikkwa River. It closed in 1804 and was rebuilt years later by the H.B.C.
Nancy Ward, Metis b-1810 N.W.T., son John Ward Sr. and Native woman.
It is highly unlikely all three of these children are from (II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) and Indian woman. One is likely the child of Xavier Finlay (1779-1859), one or more could be, one of the four adopted Lussier (Lagasse) children, or a second wife?? or children of his sons?? They are children of a different mother than Chippewa Indian woman, maybe Teshwentichia a Spokane girl or a Pen D'Oreille girl? I just don't know for sure?
(III)-Augustin (Yoostah) Finlay, Metis, (1800-1883) born Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la Montagne de Roches, Alberta son (II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) and Indian woman. Married Clemence d-1909 and they had 13 children
(III)-John Baptiste (Siwash) (3 gun) Finlay, Metis, b-1800 Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la Montagne de Roches, son (II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) and Indian woman. He married Catherine Chinook
(III)-Josette (Joatte) Finlay, Metis, b-1800 Alberta daughter (II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) and Indian woman.
The North West Company constructed Fort Dunvegan on the Peace River with 45 men and officers under command of (I)-Archibald Roderick McLeod (1782-1840), a stern and uncompromising man from Quebec. The name was selected after his ancestral home on the Isle of Skye, Scotland. The log buildings, bastions, palisades and block houses were not completed until spring of 1806. Some suggest it was completed until 1805. A garden was planted in 1806.
N.W.C. built Blondin's Post at the west end of Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta).
THE LEATHER PASS
The Leather Pass through the Stony Mountains (Rocky
Mountains) was first used last century by the Iroquois and Metis traders of the
North West Company. It was later named Tete Jaune (Yellowhead) Cache Pass after Pierre
(Hatsinaton) Bostonnais, a Metis because he built a Cashe House in the pass. We now
know it as the Yellowhead Pass, Alberta. Tete Jaune was also known as
Pierre Bostonais, Pierre Hastination an Iroquois Metis d-1828 who had blond
(yellow) hair.
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) wintered Fort Terra Blanche in Edmonton in 1800, 1802, 1806 and 1807, then set out from here for the Columbia River. (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) settled his wife (II)-Charlotte Small, Metis (1784/5-1848/1856) and family in Edmonton area on subsequent trips to the Columbia District. The Piegan People would not allow the North West Company use of the pass to the Columbia. They expressed concern that the French Metis would arms trade with their enemy, the Kootenay (Water People). The murder of two Piegan, by Lewis of the United States, drew the Piegan to the Missouri to revenge their death and thus cleared the way for (I)-David Thompson, (1770-1857), (II)-Fenian (Finan or Finnan?) McDonald (1782-1851) and the group of Metis to make the dash for the Columbia River. Thompson's wife, (II)-Charlotte Small, had a Metis baby strapped to her back. Others suggest (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) wintered on the Kutenai (Kootenay) Plains in 1806. They killed and ate wild horses. The Stony People taught (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) how to make moss bread.
The Blackfoot Confederacy (Blackfoot, Blood and Piegan) conducted raiding parties beyond Yellowstone River, Standpoint, Idaho and Tobacco plains, west of the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains). The chiefs had limited power beyond influence and are careful not to arrogate or show superiority over others. Shooting a man from ambush brought little glory, however, touching an enemy with hand or stick, or subduing him in personal encounter, snatching a gun, bow or horse was a high achievement. Scalp taking, a European introduced custom, is some times practiced, but ranked very low in honors. Both companies built forts at Chesterfield house near Empress on the Red River.
The Kutenai who live west of the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains) came to trade at Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la Montagne de Roches, Alberta. Charles Lagrasse, Pierre Leblanc and his wife went to the Kutenai Country, (Oregon Territory).
A tradition persists that a free trader wintered at Pine Lake this year.
The Iroquois traders are using the Leather Pass (Yellowhead Pass) to harvest furs on the Pacific Slope. The H.B.C. later called the pass the Tete Jaune Cache after Piere Hatsinaton, a Metis, with yellow hair and because he built a storage shelter. They also used the Athabasca Pass to the Columbia River Area. This Metis discovered pass became the great Trans-Canada route until completion of the railway in 1885.
From 1800 to 1815 the Hudson Bay Company virtually ignored the Athabasca Region. William Tomison, Inland Chief, was only interested in developing the Saskatchewan (River).
The Assiniboia Region was considered to be all territories in southern Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta but mostly referred to those areas adjacent to the Assiniboia River system. Eventually it referred to all southern lands of Saskatchewan and Alberta.
The X.Y. Company built a fort near Fort Chipewyan (Alberta)
Fort Vermilion, N.W.C., located 24 miles below Keg River remained in operation until 1828.
Fort des Prairies aka Fort Corne aka Fort St. Louis and Fort Nippeween on the Saskatchewan River a little lower than the river forks at the mouth of Peonan, first built 1753. Reference at this time to Fort des Prairies could refer to any number of forts, one near Lac Ste Anne, another a reference to Fort Edmonton.
HBC moved Edmonton House to Edmonton's Rossdale flats. This location was the best place to ford the Saskatchewan River to accommodate the fur trade. This was a common meeting place of various native tribes.
Early in 1801 (quite against his will, according to his journal) Alexander Henry the younger (1764-1814) had taken an Indian wife, daughter of the Ojibwa chief Liard. Returning to his room after New Year’s celebrations, he found that she had occupied it and, he reported, “the devil could not have got her out.” It is not certain how many children they had, but his Fort Vermilion roster indicates one man, one woman, and three children in his quarters. His will, executed at Fort William on 15 July 1813, indicates that he had three “reputed sons” born in the west during the 1790s. It also mentions his three daughters and one son, children of an Indian woman “who has been in the habit of living with me since the year 1802” and who was the daughter of the Buffalo, an Ojibwa chief. Others suggest he had multi wives, one he disposed of in January 3, 1800, married daughter Chief Liard's Concomely January 1, 1801, in 1802 married Bean Pere the Buffalo's daughter and married Madeleine Saulteaux Chipewa.
April 24: Fort Dunvegan, Peace River, Martineau is accused of stealing some meat and (I)-Archibald Roderick McLeod (1782-1840) as punishment took away his wife and gave her to Cardeau. Just previous to this he had hunted down and returned two squaw (iskwao) slaves who had run away. (Squaw is a very insulting English word.) It is noteworthy that McLeod had a native wife himself.
April 28: The Owl War Chief who was living with the Slave Indians told of a fort near the sea, inhabited by people quite different to the Fort Dunvegan folks in many respects, likely the Russians. (I)-Archibald Rodeick McLeod (1782-1840), the ignorant, severely reprimanded the chief for telling lies.
May 5: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) departed Rocky Mountain House to survey upriver to the Elbow. On his way down river he encountered HBC men at Buck Creek Lake, 8 miles below Goose encampment on the Saskatchewan River. He passed Whit Mud House at the mouth of Wabamin Creek 60 km west of Edmonton on the North Saskatchewan River..
May 7: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) reached Fort Augustus.
May 10: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) reached Fort George which was in a ruinous condition.
May 20: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) mentioned the ruins of Umfreville's Old House, (in section 4, township 53, range 25 west 3rd meridian)
October: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) traveled by horseback with Duncan McGillivan d-1808 to the Bow River (Calgary) and up the Bow River to the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains) arriving December 3.
October; Mr. David Thompson, Astronomer to the North West Company with 6 Canadians and 4 or 5 Indians, crossed the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains) in latitude 51° north and descended one of the great northern branches of the Columbia River, which he called M'Gilvray's River. He descended this river for a good distance, when he was driven back by a band of a powerful tribe of Indians, and compelled to re-cross the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains). Source is David Thompson first published January 7, 1846.
October 5: David Thompson in his journal wrote that six Canadians and two Indians left Rocky Mountain House and went up the Clearwater River. From there they crossed the Red Deer River and spent the next several days in a Peigan Camp which was within hunting distance of the river. They went about West 22 miles to the foot of high cliffs where they met the Kootanae Chief attendede by 26 men and 7 women. He guided them back to Rocky Mountain House.
October 18: La Gasse and Le Blanc were sent back with the Kootanie to winter with the tribe. Some believe these Canadians reached the Columbia River. (I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) confirmed the trip of La Gasse and Le Blanc from (I)-Duncan McGillivray (1770-1808) on June 17, 1801 in his journal. He said they traveled 17 nights until they arrived at the camp on the West side of the mountains where the Kootenais had left their families. They reported the area across the divide from the head of the Saskatchewan to be thickly wooded country while farther south, opposite Devil's Head Mountain, the country was more open,. They spent most of the winter in an open country west of Chief Mountain and on one occasion made a fourteen day trip over the divide to hunt bison (buffalo) on the prairies They reported another range of mountains nearly as high as the Rockies to the west of their camp. They reported passing a river nearly as large as the Saskatchewan that runs south and south west from a point opposite the source of the Saskatchewan.. They returned to Rocky Mountain House May 23, 1801.
1801
Edmonton House, birth (II)-Levi Bird, Metis (1801-1864) son (I)-James Bird (1773-1856) and Mary Kelly Cree Indian.
De Coigne rebuilt Fort George with Island Fort a few miles up river from the old fort,.
(I)-Robert Rowland an Orkney joined HBC (1801-1821) in Fort Edmonton (1814-1821) settled likely Red River
Fort Augustus (NWC) ordered built by (I)-Angus Shaw (before 1777-1832) and Fort Edmonton (HBC) are relocated from Fort Saskatchewan (Alberta) to the Rossdale Flats (Edmonton, Alberta) this year.
At the junction of the Miette and Athabasca Rivers is Fitzhugh Place that was in 1813 renamed Jaspers, Place (Alberta) after a North West Company supply post. This post was for the mountain trade across Athabasca pass (where there are reeds), that is established about this time. It is noteworthy that after more than ten years of use by others, (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) in 1811, would claim discovery of the Athabasca pass.
The Gros Ventres invited a passing brigade of 75 Iroquois traders into their camp. They engaged in a heated form of gambling, a quarrel broke out. When the dust cleared, 25 Iroquois of the N.W.C. lay dead. The survivors reached Fort Augustus (Alberta).
William Tomison of the H.B.C. claimed the North West Company and XY Company had over 300 Iroquois on the Saskatchewan River this summer alone. This is not counting the hundreds who are still in the region from the 1790's.
The H.B.C. built Summerberry River Post aka Pembina Post on the Pembina River on the Edmonton-Lesser Slave Lake Ttrail. It was abandoned but re-established by H.B.C. and N.W.C. in 1817 and it finally closed about 1822.
Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la Montagne de Roches, birth (II)-Fanny Thompson Metis daughter (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and (II)-Charlotte Small, Metis (1784/5-1848/1856)
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and James Hughes, d-1823, search for a pass to the west of Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la Montagne de Roches, but failed. Nancy Hughes, Metis daughter James Hughe's, d-1823 and Indian woman would marry (II)-Patrick Small, Metis, (1785/89-1846) in Fort Augustus (Edmonton) in 1813
Grouard (Lesser Slave Lake, Alberta) is established this year and by 1898 would replace Dunvegan as the center of trade for the Peace River District.
June: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and Duncan McGillivan d-1808 returned from their Bow River expedition to Rocky Mountain House.
June 6: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and Hughes proceeded westward with a Cree guide in hopes of crossing the mountains but were turned back without reaching the divide. He wrote I crossed the mountains to the head waters of the McGillivray's River but the Indians forced me to retreat.
June 10: Rocky Mountain House, birth (II)-Fanny Thompson, Metis daughter (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and (II)-Charlotte Small Metis, b-1785 Metis.
1802
(I)-Peter Corrigal aka Corrigle Orkney, (1782-1866) employed HBC (1797-1823) is assigned Cumberland House, Slave Lake (1802-1803); 1st. married Christianna an Indian Woman (1751-1851) and they had a son (II)-James Corrigal, Metis; 2nd marriage Margaret an Indian Woman, (I)-Peter retired Red River 1819.
(III)-Patrick (Pichina) Finlay, Metis (1802-1879) born Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la Montagne de Roches, son (II)-Old Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) and Indian woman. This is likely one of the 4 adopted Lussier (Lagasse) children. or Grand children?
Thomas Gray d-1819 Lesser Slave Lake worked for NWC at Lesser Slave Lake 1802, Athabasca (1811-1816) and died Lesser Slave Lake 1819. David Thompson noted that at the NWC post on the west end of Lesser Slave Lake in 1802 were Mr. Jarvis, Tom Gray and Le Ramme.
(V)-Charles Loyer Metis son (IV)-Gregoire Loyer dit Desnoyers b-1759 and (IV)-Terese Trembly b-1766 Detroit, joined NWC 1804, Fort Des Prairies, NWC (1813-1814) Flathead Columbia, 1815 freeman at Fort William, freeman (1824-1825) Columbia
(I)-Oman Norquay (1773-1820) employed (1802-1811) Cumberland & Edmonton, he married (II)-Jane Morwick, Metis daughter (I)-James Morwick and native woman. He retired to Red River 1819. He likely had three children in (Alberta) or Red River; (II)-John Norquay, Metis, who married 1832 Isabella Truthwaite; (II)-Henry Norquay, Metis who 1st married Anne Spence and 2nd marriage Mary Monkman, Metis; (II)-Isabella Norquay, b-1808?, Metis who married John Morwick, b-1784.
(I)-Alexander Roderick McLeod (1782-1840) employed NWC/HBC (1802-1824) Athabasca Department. They claim Alexander Henry, the younger (1764-1814) of NWC since 1791, succeed him and (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) succeed Henry. Maybe they are referring to Alexander Henry the elder (1739-1824)?
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) explored head waters of the Highwood River, on Tongue Flag Creek, the Bow River (latitute 51 degrees, 13 minutes, 51 seconds north, longitude 114 degrees, 58 minutes, 22 seconds west a short distance from Ghost River, past modern Exshaw where (I)-McGillivray (1770-1808) killed a mountain sheep, then on to Rocky Mountain House and the Brazeau River, then up river to Howse Pass and the headwaters of the Blaeberry River. He and Hughs explored the Saskatchewan up to Sheep Creek and up the valley as far as the horses could go.
The Rocky Mountain House Echo newspaper in 1911 attributes the establishment of Rocky Mountain House at the mouth of the Clearwater River into the Saskatchewan River to John MacDonald of Garth Scotland for the North West Fur Company of Montreal.
They claim Alexander Henry, the younger or elder? (1764-1814) of NWC since 1791, succeed him and (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) succeed Henry. They claim Chesterfield House on the confluence of the Red Deer and south branch of the Saskatchewan Rivers since 1791, succeed him and (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) succeed Henry.
(I)-Alexander Roderick McLeod (1782-1840) from Quebec employed NWC /HBC (1802-1824) Athabasca,
Department. assigned (1809-1811) Rocky Mountain House ( 1825-1830), Columbia
Department. Then assigned 1830 Mackenzie River. Alexander McLeod had
one (?) wife, a woman of mixed descent, and nine children. Their children
were:
(II)-Sarah McLeod Metis b-1818 married 1836 Red River
(II)-John Ballender (1810/12-1856)
(II)-John McLeod Metis b-1824
(II)-Eliza McLeod Metis b-1828
(II)-Emilia McLeod Metis b-1833
(II)-Margaret McLeod Metis
(II)-Nancy McLeod Metis
(II)-Alic McLeod Metis
(II)-Sally McLeod Metis
(II)-Roderick McLeod Metis
Old Man Monroe (Hugh Monroe), born 1784 Montreal, died 1892, arrived Fort Edmonton in 1802 in the employ of The Hudson Bay Company. He married a Piegan woman and their son, William Monroe (b-1851), would serve with the Pallisar Expedition (1872). It is possible that the legends of old man Monroe represent two or more different people. Some place his birth date at 1898 or 1899. He is said to have been indentured for three years in 1815 to the Hudson Bay Company and posted to Edmonton House. It is alleged he departed a Hudson Bay Company warehouse in Montreal in 1815, traveling to Edmonton House via York Factory. It is highly likely he didn't depart until after 1821, when the North West Company merged with the Hudson Bay Company. This assumption is based on the fact that his first child was born in 1825, Rocky Mountain House aka Poste de la Montagne de Roches; suggesting a departure after 1821.
The North West Company established Bow River Fort, fifty miles west of Fort La Jonquiere (Calgary). Bow River is named as the place for making bows.
The N.W.C. was operating Slave Lake House at the east end of Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta).
(III)-Patrick Pichina Finlay, Metis, b-1802 Fort Edmonton area, died January 1879 Montana son (II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) and Indian woman; married Margaret.
Some suggest the Battle River Settlement was first noted about this time and was located south of Camrose. The Cree called this location No-tin-to-si-pi whereas the Blackfoot called it Ke-chi-sab-wap-ta and was noted as a good crossing place and was the location of a number of clashes between the Cree and Blackfoot.
Simon Fraser (1776-1862) built Fort Laird at Fort Vermilion, (Alberta). Two forts in a single palisade were built by N.W.C. and H.B.C. called Paint Creek House facing the mouth of Vermilion River. They were abandoned in 1816. They traded with the Blackfoot and Cree.
Saskadjiwan a.k.a. Saskatchewan, means the running of the thaw or swift current. Both Fort Saskatchewan, the North West Company and Fort Augustus, Hudson Bay Company, moved to Edmonton on the Rosedale Flats, where the Edmonton power plant now stands. The 'XY' Company also built in this location. Chesterfield house, at this time, lies abandoned.
The N.W.C. built Pierre au Calumet on the east bank of the Athabasca River, 55 miles from Fort McMurray.
The first H.B.C. fort in Fort Vermilion was built this year and called Mansfield's Post and abandoned in 1805. The N.W.C. built Fort Liard in Fort Vermilion before 1804 likely in response to H.B.C and was closed 1805-06.
March 3: The North West Company sent a 12 man party to Fort Chesterfield, near present day Empress, Alberta, and the Gros Ventre killed the two Canadians (Metis) and ten Iroquois traders. Others suggest it was 14 Iroquois and 2 Canadians of the N.W.C., and that they were killed on the Bow River, southern Alberta.
December: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) as at the NWC post on the west side of Lesser Slave Lake and he crossed the lake to its outlet to the Little Slave River where the principle NWC post was located. John McGillivray, Macintosh and Jarvis was there. He recorded XY posts at Peace River Forks and near the head of Little Slave River.
1803
Thomeson Audinson, Metis, b-1803 Red River married to Leathine Metis b-1802 Red River living Lakeland eastern Alberta, 1891.
(I)-James Bird aka James Curtis (1773-1856) employed HBC (1788-1824) is posted to Edmonton House House on the North Saskatchewan River in charge of all inland posts (1803-1813).
(IV)-Augustin Brisbois son
(III)-Ambroise Brisebois and (II)-Marie Anne
Legaut (1718-1769) , married January 9, 1769 Lachine, Quebec (V)-Rose Couillard
daughter (IV)-Pierre Couillard; believed to be with Alexander Henry (1803-1808),
in 1816 he was a guide and was captured at Fort William, in 1821 was working
Inland posts, joined HBC and in 1825 took an express to Montreal but returned to
Red River (1830-1836). He retired 1836 and claimed he was age 67 (born
1769).
William Connolly (1787-1849) who joined the N.W.C. in 1801 and became a partner by 1818. He married 1803 Rat River Suzanne Cree, d-1862 and had 6 children.
(I)-Peter Corrigal aka Corrigle Orkney, (1782-1866) employed HBC (1797-1823)
York Factory, Edmonto House 1803, Red River 1819
1st. married 1823 Christianna (Christy) an Indian Woman (1751-1851) and they had a son
(II)-James Corrigal, Metis bapt 1823, d-1866;
2nd marriage Margaret an Indian Woman,
Marie Louise Jerome dit St. Mathe, Metis, b-1803, Rocky Mountain House (Alberta) daughter Martin Jerome dit St, Mathe and Francoise a native; married June 15, 1829, Red River, Maximilien dit Dauphinais Genthon (1790-1871) son Jean Baptiste Genthon and Marie Louise Lafontaine.
(I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) reported 110 Iroquois fur traders on the Peace River near the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains).
(I)-Joseph Howse (Howes) (1774-1852) employee HBC (1795-1815) is posted Carlton House (1803-1804)
(I)-Alexander Roderick McLeod (1782-1840) employed NWC/HBC (1802-1824) Athabasca Department.is posted to Horseshoe House (1803-1804)
(II)-John Ignace Rowand (Rowland) Sr. (1787-1854) born Montreal, died Fort Pitt on the Saskatchewan
River. Son of (I)-Dr. John Rowand of Montreal; joined NWC (1803-1821) HBC (1821-1841)
Saskatchewan (River) District HBC (1841-1842) Columbia District. Married
1810 Louise (Lisette) Umprevolle Metis (her second marriage) daughter Edward
Umpreville Metis and Cree woman. Recorded children are:
(III)-John Rowand Metis Jr Metis (1812-1865) married 1848 Margaret
Harriott
(III)-Sofie (Sophie) Rowand Metis (1814-1864) a spinster
(III)-Alexander Rowand Metis (1818-1849)
(III)-Nancy Rowand Metis (1818-1850) married John Edward
Harriott Sr.
(III)- Henry Rowand Metis (1820-1835) died Red River
(III)-Marguerite Rowand Metis b-1825 married 1859 James McKay
son James McKay and Margaret Glads
(III)-Adelaide Rowand Metis (1832-1855)
(III)-James Rowand Metis of Fort Pitt
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857)
wintered at the NWC post at the junction of the Smoky and Peace Rivers, he
called it Fort of Forks. It is noteworthy that this is the post where
(II)-Alexander Mackenzie (1763-1820) wintered before his dash to the Pacific. Five miles
below Smoky on the north side of the Peace was Macleod's Fort. This was a
well constructed fort, for James Mackenzie, a grouchy old partner of the NWC,
stationed at Fort Chipewyan in 1799, complained that the men's quarters at
Macleod's Fort were better that those provided for the bourgeois at Fort
Chipewyan. There were five bastions, courtyards everywhere and spacious
gardens.
Jean Baptiste Tourangeau Metis Sr. b-1803 likely
Athabasca but family from Montreal area, 'Pinpare Tourangeau' or 'Guiet
Tourangeau' clan, joined NWC (1818-1821) & HBC (1821-1864) Athabasca
Jean Baptiste Tourangeau Metis Jr HBC (1846-1859) Athabasca
Anthone Tourangeau Metis HBC (1850-1861) Athabasca
Francois Tourangeau Metis HBC (1854-1856) Athabasca
Louison Tourangeau Metis HBC (1859-1861) Athabasca
Horse Shoe House built by N.W.C. on the Peace River 18 miles above the mouth of the Notekiwin River. It is believed the X.Y. Co. had a post nearby. Both were closed before 1806.
1804
(I)-James Bird Sr.(aka James Curtis) (1773-1856) was in charge of Edmonton House (1804-1816).
Colin Campbell (1787-1853) from Ontraio, employed NWC (1804-1821) likely Peace River/Athabasca District. Assigned Fort Dunvegan, Peace River (1812-1813).
John Clarke, b-1781, joined the N.W.C. in 1804 and served the Pacific Fur Company 1810-1814 and joined the Athabasca Expedition of 1815.
Antoine Clement Sr. NWC (1799-1806) a freeman is at Fort Des Prairies on the North Saskatchewan River, his son appeared HBC (1822-1825) Columbia District?.
(I)-Peter Corrigal aka Corrigle Orkney, (1782-1866) employed HBC (1797-1823) is assigned the route from Edmonton House, Saskatchewan District to Cumberland House, Slave Lake (1804-1805); 1st. married Christianna an Indian Woman (1751-1851) and they had a son (II)-James Corrigal, Metis; 2nd marriage Margaret an Indian Woman, (I)-Peter retired Red River 1819.
Antoine Dunard joined NWC 1804 at Fort des Prairies and in 1810 he was at Boggy Hill on the Saskatchewan where he joined (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) to the Athabasca Pass but Dunard deserted.
Etienne Forcier d-1818 of NWC 1804 was at Fort des Prairies, 1806 Rocky Mountain House, 1809-1811 with Thompson on the Pacific slopes, 1810 at Boggy Hills and the source of the Athabasca River, January 1811, was at the source of the Canoe River, a tributary river to the Columbia.
Jacques Goulet joined NWC (1804-1821) Athabasca or earlier then HBC (1821-1824) Saskatchewan River.
David Harmon reminds us that South Branch House established 1791 by HBC(South Saskatchewan River) was about 15 miles across by land from the North Branch (North Saskatchewan River), and about 120 miles above the Forks (both Saskatchewan Rivers). It is noteworthy that the Gros Ventres destroyed the South Branch House in 1794 and attacked the NWC post but were driven off with losses. New forts were built in 1804, six miles above the old site.
(I)-Joseph Howse (Howes) (1774-1852) employee HBC (1795-1815) is posted Chesterfield House (1804-1805)
Joseph Lafournaise dit Ladouceur b-1777/80 Quebec joined NWC (1804-1821) assigned Fort des
Prairies 1804, wintered at Fort Vermilion (1809-1810) with wife, assigned Fort
des Prairies (1811-1821); HBC (1821-1833) Fort Edmonton retired Red River
(1833-1834)
Married Josephte Suzette Cardinal Metis b-1800 Lac La Biche epouse Joseph
Desjarlais b-1794, daughter Joseph Cardinal b-1756 and Lizette Maskegan native
Marie Catherine Ladouceur Metis b-1810 married Augustine
Auger b-1825 and Michel Joachim Bruneau b-1806
Joseph Ladouceur Metis b-1813/19 Beaver River (Alberta)
married Julie Auger b-1822 Lac La Biche
Charlotte Ladouceur Metis b-1814 married Pierre Quintal
Louise Ladouceur Metis b-1820 Lac La Biche d-1906 married Joseph
Nabestiwayan Beaudry Jr. (1809-1881
Augustin Ladouceur Metis b-1820
Bazile Ladouceur Metis b-1830
Marguerite Ritchot Ladouceur Metis b-1830
Joseph Lafournaise aka Lacarte dit Laboucan (Lubouceur ) b-1777/80 Quebec, a voyager with NWC on and off (1804-1821) is assigned Fort Des Prairies likely Fort Corne but could be any fort on the Saskatchewan River. 1805-1814 he was a free trader then rejoined NWC 1814-1815, free traded 1816 then back with NWC 1817-1821. HBC says he was living Sandy Lake (up the Saskatchewan) in 1822 as a freeman with Stone Indian wife and Metis children. It is believed he traded the Bow and Red Deer River to the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains). He is know to work for HBC at Fort Edmonton 1822-1825 and retired Red River. The had at least 4 Metis sons and 4 Metis daughters
Ignace Lavallee b-1760 a voyageur with NWC is up English River (Churchill River) to the Athabasca District (1804-1821), he married Josephte Cree woman b-1786 but children are not listed.
La Gasse and Pierre LeBlanc with wife return with the Kutenai to trade at Rocky Mountain House and are believed by some to be the first known to cross the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains).
Jacques L'Hirondelle Sr. likely a Metis is a voyager for NWC (1804-1818) assigned to
Athabasca in 1818 he became a freeman. Employment prior to 1812 is
questionable as he didn't join HBC. He married Josette Pilon a Metis or
Indian from Athabasca. Recorded children are:
Rosalie L'Hirondelle Metis married 1846 Lac Ste Anne
(II)-John Cunningham Metis (1818-1870)
Unnamed L'Hirondelle Metis daughter
Jacques L'Hirondelle Metis Jr. b-1807 Lesser Slave Lake
joined HBC (1832-1834) out of Fort Edmonton
Joseph L'Hirondelle Metis b-1814 Lesser Slave Lake married
1842 Fort Edmonton Marguerite Nepissing Metis b-1823 Lesser Slave Lake
Jean Baptiste L'Hirondelle Metis (1816/17-1876) Lesser Slave Lake
joined HBC (1841-1870) married 1845 Lesser Slave Lake (VI)-Catherine Loyer Metis
b-1828
Jasper House, d-1895. They were in the Fort Edmonton area (1856-1858)
Alexander L'Hirondelle Metis b-1820 married Josephte
Amyotte
Angelique L'Hirondelle Metis b-1822 married Lac Ste
Anne Oliver Laderoute (1806-1876)
Ignace L'Hirondelle Metis b-182?
Perre L'Hirondelle Metis b-1825 Lesser Slave Lake married
1850 Lac Ste Anne Marguerite Boucher Metis
James M. L'Hirondelle Metis b-1826
(I)-Joseph Howse (1774-1852) is at Carlton House, (1803-1804) which came to be known as Fort Carlton, was established in 1795 near the junction of the North and South Saskatchewan rivers. The original post was abandoned around 1804 and re-established some 150 kms (90 miles) to the southwest, on the South Saskatchewan River. In 1810, the post was moved west to its present site on the North Saskatchewan River.
(II)-Nicholas Montour Jr.Metis son (I)-Nicholas Montour Sr. d-1808 a shareholder
in the NWC, (II)-Nicolas is employed NWC (1804-1817) first post is Fort des
Prairies (Fort Edmonton). Married Susanne Umperville. Two Children
recorded:
George Montour Metis
Isabelle Montour Metis married Thomas
McKay 1838 Fort Vancouver.
Jean Baptiste Parisen Sr. b-1783 from Vaudreuil, joined NWC or free trader
before 1805 on the Saskatchewan , HBC (1824-1832) assigned Athabasca 1824;
Saskatchewan District 1827, one child is recorded, this would imply Jean Sr. was
on the Saskatchewan around 1800 as Jr is listed as a native of the Saskatchewan
Jean Baptiste Parisen Metis Jr. b-1805 from Saskatchewan River
joined HBC (1830-1845) Saskatchewan District
(II)-William Pruden, Metis born 1804 Inland, from York possibly on the Saskatchewan
River son (I)-Jean Peter Pruden (1778-1868) and Nancy Cree Indian Woman
(1785-1837).
(II)-Patrick Small Metis (1785/89-1846) son (I)-Patrick Small Sr. and Cree woman, is posted
to Fort Edmonton NWC (1804-1821) & HBC (1821-1826) He worked the
Saskatchewan District (1804-1846) He married Nancy Hughes Metis daughter
James Hughes d-1823 and Indian woman, marriage was ratified August 21, 1838, 9 children were recorded;
(III)-Helen Small Metis b-1814 Fort Edmonton
(III)-Nancy Small Metis b-1818 Fort Edmonton
(III)-Charlotte Small Metis b-1821 Fort Edmonton area likely Dog
Rump Creek
(III)-unnamed son Small Metis died November 6, 1823
(III)-Amelia Small Metis b-1824 Fort Edmonton
(III)-Carolina Small Metis b-1827 Fort Carlton married (II)-William
Spenser Metis b-1822
(III)-William Small Metis b-1828/29 Fort Carlton
(III)-Elizabeth Small Metis b-1831 Fort Pitt
(III)-Marie Small Metis b-1835 Rocky Mountain House
William Sturgis a merchant from Boston arrived west coast of Vancouver Island with 5,000 ermine skins from Leipzip. He sold these to the Kimgarnee Indians who prized them for ceremonial purposes. He valued his ermine at 30¢ and traded them at 5 for one sea-otter skin. These he sold at Canton, China for $50.00 each skin.
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) visited the future site of Fort Dunvegan in 1805. In his voyage down the Oeace River he mentions the following forts; Horse Shoe Fort (latitude 57,degrees, 8 minutes; Fort Vermilion considerably higher up the river than the present post of that name; Fort DuTremble; Fort Liard not far from present site Fort Vermilion; Fort Wenzel, five miles below Vernilion Falls; Grand Maris and Athabasca House on present Fort Chipewyan.
Raphael Tremblay b-1802 Quebec married to Catherine Metis b-1804 B.C. living Egg Lake (Alberta) 1901.
(II)-John Rowand born 1787 Montreal died Fort Pitt (Saskatchewan), May 30, 1854, served as a clerk at Fort Des Prairies a.k.a. Fort Augustus (Fort Edmonton), (Alberta) for the North West Company, until 1806 when he served at Red River des Metis, then went back to Fort Edmonton 1808. He spent most of his life at Fort Edmonton and was known as Iron Shirt or Big Mountain Man by the Indians.
Fort of the Forks aka Fort Simpson is built this year by the NWC on an island at the confluence of the Mackenzie and Liard Rivers.
South Branch House near Gardepui's Crossing on the South Fork of the Saskatchewan River about 20 miles north of Batoche (Saskatchewan) is moved up river 6 miles..
(II)-Patrick Small Jr., Metis (1789-1846) was employed by NWC (1804-1821) and HBC (1821-1846), he was the son of (I)-Patrick Small Sr. and Cree Woman. Patrick Jr. was stationed in Edmonton area (1804-1826), he married 1813, Fort Auguetus (Edmonton), Nancy Hughes Metis, country style and had the marriage ratified August 21, 1838 Carlton House, at the junction of the North and South Saskatchewan Rivers. Nancy was the daughter James Hughes, d-1823 chief factor of Fort Augustus (Edmonton) and Indian woman.
Jules Maurice Quesnel (1786-1842) son Louis Joseph Quesnel (Fur Trader) and Marie Josephte Deslander, assigned Fort Edmonton 1804. He married Josette Cotte daughter of fur trader Gabriel Cotte. No children recorded.
Some of the roots for Ile a la Crosse (Saskatchewan District) families were found in the Northwest Company journals of 1804, such as: Charou, Boucher, Paul, Cardinal, Dionne, Bleanger, Gerard, Daigneault, Lariviere, Peter (Joseph) Felix Larocque Metis b-1786/87, Bruce, Desrosiers, Caisse, Raymond, Laliberte, Lemay, Lachance, England, Jean Baptiste Bouvier Sr. (1784-1838) St Ours Quebec, Moreau, Aubin, Carpenter, (Joseph or Jean Baptiste?) Desjarlais, Lepine, F. Piche, Roy, Primeau, Louis Majeau, Laporte, Loyer, Lavallee.
N.W.C. built a trading post on Encampment Island about 24 miles below present Peace River Town.
In the summer of 1804 even the Chipewyans broke out in protest in the Fond Du Lac region. (Keep in mind a Fond du Lac existed in the Lake Superior region?). They attacked (NWC) the old Company's fort at Fond du Lac, near the eastern extremity of Lake Athabasca, and killed the two men in charge, their wives, and their Metis children Fort Chipewyan on the western extremity of Lake Athabasca
February 29: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) went up the Peace River to the most westerly post of NWC, Rocky Mountain House, (longitude 120 degrees, 38 minutes, a short distance beyond the the Alberta border into B.C.) not to be confused with the one on the Saskatchewan River or the one on the Athabaska River at Jasper (Alnerta)
February 14: Edmonton House, arrival of Hugh (Howe) Sabbeston aka (Sabseton,
Sabbiston, Sabiston) Metis (1772-1810) employed HBC (1793-1810) York Factory; He was at Edmonton
house (1804-1806); April/May 1800-1802 he built a trading post at the mouth of
the Sturgeon Creek and worked there until 1804. He arrived here March 6
and was back at headquarters by March 13.
Sarah Sabiston Metis b-1804 Fort Edmonton married (I)-William
Taylor b-1789
March 5: Peace River Forks, birth (II)-Samuel Thompson, Metis son (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and (II)- Charlotte Small, Metis, b-1785 Metis. (II)- Charlotte Small is likely the sister of Nancy Small, Metis and brother of (II)- Patrick Small Jr. Metis born 1798 IIe-A-La-Crosse, Athabasca District. Some believe the Small family are the earliest recorded Metis in the IIe-A-La-Crosse region. (I)-Patrick Small the free trader was likely in the area (1784-1791) living among the natives with his Cree wife.
March 15: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) he set out with his wife and children for Fort William. He traveled down river to Horse Shoe House latitude 57 degrees, 8 minutes north where he remained March 20 to April 30 for the river ice to clear.
May 2: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and family visited Fort Vermilion that was considerably higher up river than the later Fort Vermilion of the HBC. Fort Liard is not far from the later Fort Vermilion of the HBC. Fort Wenzel, five miles below Vermilion Falls; Grand Maris of the NWC.
May 12: .(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and family reached Athabasca House (Fort Chipewyan) recently re-built, where Wenzel a NWC man is in charge. They crossed Lake Athabasca ascended the river.
May 17: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and family passed Peter Ponds old fort, reaching the mouth of the Clearwater (Fort McMurry).
1805
Edmonton House, birth (II)-Charles Bird, Metis (1795-1818) son (I)-James Bird (1773-1856) and Mary Kelly Cree Indian, employed HBC (1805-1818), as a writer Edmonton and Paint River Saskatchewan river. Visited London (1808-1812) likely because of ill health.
Edmonton House, birth (II)-Henry Bird, Metis b-1805 son (I)-James Bird (1773-1856) and Mary Kelly Cree Indian: married 1824, likely Red River (II)-Harriet Calder, Metis daughter (I)-John James Calder and native woman..
Fort Edmonton, birth (II)-William Bird, Metis son (I)-James Bird (1773-1856) and Mary Kelly Swampy Cree Indian; married Rubina aka Venus Hay.
Big Lake (St. Albert, Alberta), birth, Angele Bourassa, daughter, Michel Francois Bourassa and Marguerite Beaulieu; married, 1835, Fort Pitt, (Saskatchewan), Pierre (Pierriche) Delorme, Metis b-1813, White Mud (Alberta) likely at White Mud House 60 km west Edmonton, son Pierre Delorme and Marguerite Cardinal.
(III)-Francois Benetsee/Penetzi/Penache/Penasta Finlay Metis
(1805-1873), born Fort Edmonton or Rocky Mountain House but raised Spokane House
son (II)-Jacques Raphael (Jocko) Finlay Metis (1768-1828) and Chippewa girl;
joined HBC (1828-1842) Fort Colvile, married Susan /Dew-see-mah/Pen-na-ma b-1835
daughter of Old Ignatius Chaves and Louise Ta-yoo-sah-mah. Louis Callihoo Metis (1792?-1910) born Sault St. Louis aka Ganawake, arrived
Jasper (Alberta) about 1905. They said he was employed by NWC 1800-1814
and thereafter a free trader. There is likely some confusion between him
and his father.
North West Company's, Archibald MacLeod, built
Fort Duvaegan on the Peace River and Simon Fraser (1776-1862) of Cornwall, previously of New York,
and established several Forts in British Columbia. Fort Dunvegan is
considered the center of the fur trade for the Peace Region (Alberta) until 1898
when it was replaced by Grouard (Slave Lake)..
(III)-Francois (Benetsee) Finlay, Metis b-1805, Fort Edmonton area d-before 1873 son
(II)-Old Jacques
Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) and Indian woman; married Susanna.
This is more likely the child of Xavier Finley (1779-1859) Jacko's brother.
(I)-Joseph Howse (Howes)
(1774-1852) employee HBC (1795-1815) is posted Carlton House (1805-1807)
birth (II)-Emma Thompson, Metis daughter (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) and (II)-Charlotte Small, Metis, b-1785 Metis.
Some suggest Fort Edmonton (Alberta) was known as Fort des Prairies the Upper not to be
confused with Lower Fort des Prairies on the Saskatchewan River and others say it
was called Hughe's Fort (Fort Augustus). It is noteworthy that
forts/trading posts change names from season to season and some change locations
as frequently.
The North West Company established Fort Good Hope, on the east bank of the Mackenzie River.
It is the oldest fur-trading post in the lower Mackenzie Valley.
Battleford a trading post is established this year. Daniel Harmon (1778-1845) wrote:
"At Fort Assiniboine, it is now
upwards of fifty years since a French missionary left this area". The missionary
had resided here a number of years, instructing the Natives in the Christian
Religion. Daniel Harmon (1778-1845), an American trader, claimed
that in the past four years of trading Fort Pembina to the Stony Mountains (Rocky
Mountains),
he never had a chance to speak a European language other than French.
He recorded that the Eskimos at the mouth of the Coppermine River had European
trade beads, probably traded by the Danes at Davis Strait. Official
records suggest Fort Assiniboine was built 1823-1824. Alexander Mackenzie (not
Sir Alexander) went down to Fort Good Hope and on his return left Charles Grant
to build a post at Blue Fish River, 60 miles below Fort Norman. There was
also a fort at Clearwater about this time where Fort McMurray now stands. John MacDonald of Garth Scotland for the North West Fur
Company of Montreal. built Chesterfield House on the confluence of the Red
Deer and south branch of the Saskatchewan Rivers. It was soon abandoned
and rebuilt in 1821. The HBC and XY company had posts built in the same
area. North West Company Men's
Names at the Athabasca River Dept. 1805 On June 2,
James Hughes d-1823 and Alexander Stewart (1780-1840) are on the South Saskatchewan, having
come on horse from the North branch. On September 11, Daniel Harmon is
assigned to Cumberland House and James Hughes, d-1823 and (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857)
and company
passed through on their way to Fort des Prairies. The nearby Hudson
Bay Company Post, Nottingham House is commanded by (I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822). On September 17, Harmon
sends Peras to winter at Moose Lake.
June 13: Meriwether Lewis departed Belt Creek in search of the Grand Falls of
the Missouri, which was previously reported by others.
July 3: Alexander Henry (1764-1814) and (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) on
July 3, 1805 estimated the population of the North West as 1090 men 368 Indian
or Metis women and 569 Metis children. The Indian population not counting
the wives or fort and post women was 7,502 men, 16,995 women and 52,871
children.
July 3: The Athabasca Department had 245 men, 60 Indian or Metis women
and 99 Metis children.
July 3: Fort des Prairies (Fort Edmonton) had 136 men, 59 Indian or Metis
women and 103 Metis children, this likely included the Saskatchewan Department?
October 29: (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) is back at Rocky Mountain House.
December: Over the winter logs are being cut to build Fort Dunvegan
(1805-1918) on the Peace River, (I)-Archibald Norman McLeod (1782-1840) joined NWC 1796 was in charge.
Others say joined NWC 1802.
1806
Fort Edmonton, birth (II)-Elizabeth Bird, Metis (1806-1845) daughter
(I)-James Bird (1773-1856) and Mary Kelly Swampy Cree Indian; married James
Sinclair.
Pierre Delorme (Lemai) joined NWC (1806-1821) Athabasca, HBC (1821-?)
Athabasca and Saskatchewan River, married Marguerit Cardinal Hugh Faria (1776-1852) joined NWC (1804-1807) Rainy Lake, (1807-1812) Fort
George, New Caledonia, HBC, he is believed to have worked (1812-1836) North west
region to Rainy Lake, (1837-1839) Fort Vancouver. He married before
1826 and had one recorded son William Faris Metis (1847-1900)
Etienne Forcier d-1818 of NWC 1804 was at Fort des Prairies, 1806 Rocky
Mountain House, 1809-1811 with Thompson on the Pacific slopes, 1810 at Boggy
Hills and the source of the Athabasca River, January 1811, was at the source of
the Canoe River, a tributary river to the Columbia.
Lizette Gladu, b-1806, Slave Lake, daughter, Francois Gladu, born
December 25. 1763 and
Josephte Chartrand b-1773.
Thomas Karaconti Callihoo, L'Iroquoise, b-1806 Fitzhugh Place aka Jasper's House, (Alberta) died April,
1876 Fort Dunvegan, (Alberta), son, Louis Kwarakwentha Callihoo L'Iroquoise, b-1782, Iroquois
Village of Chaughawaga near Montreal, Quebec, d-1846 and Marie Katis of the Sekanaise
Tribe (Montagnais Nation); married Lizette Karaconti.
Lizette Gladu, b-1806, Slave Lake daughter Francois Gladu, born December 25,
1763 and Josephite Chartrand. b-1773; married John Quinns alias Kwenis.
(III)-Jean Baptiste Lafleur Jr. Metis (1785-1875) son (II)-Jean Baptiste Lafleur Sr.
b-1754 Lachine employed
NWC (1806-1821) & HBC (1821-1857) Athabasca Department, then freeman
Athabasca & Saskatchewan River as interpreter. One son reported (I)-Donald
McDonald b-1774 claims to arrived Edmonton House 1806 but is recorded to have
arrived 1816 and birth date is (1781 to 1796). He joined HBC (1813-1834)
first at York
(I)-Archibald Norman McLeod (1782-1840) joined NWC 1796 was in charge of building Fort Dunvegan on the Peace
River with 45 men.
(II)-Charlotte Pruden, Metis born 1806 Action House on the Saskatchewan River
daughter (I)-Jean Peter Pruden (1778-1868) and Nancy Cree Indian Woman
(1785-1837).
(I)-Alexander Roderick McLeod (1782-1840) employed NWC/HBC (1802-1824) Athabasca
Department.is at Dunvegan.
Archibald Norman MacLeod of the N.W.C. established Clearwaters
House and Fort McMurray (Alberta). Hudson Bay withdrew from Chipewyan House. Finnan Mor
Meyers (1782-1851) is assigned to Rocky Mtn. House, aka Poste de la Montagne de
Roches (Alberta).
(II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) is on the Kootenay Plains
near the headwaters of the North Saskatchewan River in Old Fort Kootenae that
was abandoned in 1807.
Alexander Stewart (1780-1840) NWC (1796-1821) HBC (1821-1833) at Fort des
Prairies 1806 and Lesser Slave Lake, Athabasca River working the area until
1813.
Jacques (John) Ward, Metis, b-1810 N.W. son John Ward Sr. and Native woman;
married Angelique Bruyere, Metis, b-1810 N.W.
Edward Smith Metis d-1849 joined NWC (1806-1821) Athabasca HBC (1821-1837)
Athabasca, Mackenzie River District. (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) of the NWC is placed in charge of Poste de la Montagne de
Roches, (Rocky Mountain House) (Alberta). He likely has wife
(II)-Charlotte Small, Metis (1784/5-1848/1856) and children with him.
Kamanistiquia recorded 413 packs of furs out of the Athabasca 1/6 of total
furs yet HBC continued to ignore this region.
Archibald Norman MacLeod of the N.W.C. established Fort Dunvegan (Alberta)
with 45 men and 6 officers. F. Goedike, David Holmes, Cardinal Trudelle
and Landrie are among the 45. During the summer only 9 men, 8 women and 7
children remained at the fort.
The fur business was booming in (Alberta)with three pathways to the Pacific
Ocean established, namely Howse, Athabaska and Peace trails. Rich cargoes
of furs for the east and goods and supplies for western posts. The NWC/XY
Co. dominated the trade, HBC found great difficulty in establishing trade in
these regions. Although (I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) had built Nottingham house in 1802 on
the site of present Fort Chipewyn, beside the NWC post the HBC abandoned it in
1806 and retired from the whole Athabasca district until 1815 when HBC built
Fort Wedderburne at Fort Chipewyan. NWC built posts from Hudson Hope built
by Simon Fraser and John Stewart in 1805 on the north bank of Peace River, a
post on the south bank of the river was called Rocky Mountain Portage Fort aka
Fort St. John, then on to Bears Lake Castle on the west end of Great Bear Lake
and up the Liard River to Fort Nelson River.
April 24: Fort Dunvegan: "This morning Mr. ( (I)-Archibald
Roderick) McLeod (1782-1840) got a quarreling with Foret. The consequence was that Foret got a
kicking and a blow on the head that knocked him down senseless, but he soon
recovered from the blow on the head he got and walked about. Some meat was put
out yesterday to dry and Nasplette watched it for some would take it. The only
one known to be guilty is Martineau whom Mr. McLeod spoke to, and, in order to
punish him he took his wife and gave her to M. Cardieu, who is more able to
maintain her, Martineau being much in debt."
April 28: Fort Dunvegan: "The Owl War Chief and their bands
arrived. With these Indians came Le Mari des deux jolies femmes who had been
since last spring with the Slave Indians, of whom there were twelve lodges.
He attempted to make us believe a number of stories by telling us there was a
fort near the sea, inhabited by people quite different to us in many respects.
He was severely reprimanded for telling such lies and much laughter at by the
Indians present. (I)-Archibald Roderick McLeod (1782-1940) was a violent man May 16: Fort Dunvegan: "J. Hoole arrived from the Forks where he left old
Pasquette making a garden." May 30, John McDonald visited Cumberland House on the Saskatchewan River.
(II)-Old Jacco (Jacques) Finlay, a Metis, (1768-1828) wintered on the Saskatchewan above the Kootenai Plains, hoping to
establish a trade route to the Columbia using the Howse Pass. Some claim
he was marking a trail over the divide to the Columbia for (I)-David Thompson's (1770-1857) trip
in 1807. (II)-Jaco Finlay Metis is likely following a well established Indian trail to the
Columbia. (II)-Jaco Finlay Metis would go on, in 1810, to establish Spokane House.
July 5: Fort Dunvegan; "There being no meat at the Fort
therefore work was stopped
July 6: Fort Dunvegan; This is the first day of this year that we went
without eating and of course no work done.
July 8: Fort Dunvegan; This evening a dog was killed which is to be
paid for between F. Goedike, David Holmes, Cardinal Trudelle and Landrie.
July 9: Fort Dunvegan; The men all hunting or fishing but very
unlucky. We are now in a very alarming situation, not having a mouthful to eat.
The children are always going about the Fort, crying for something to eat.
Landry kill a dog.
July 10: Fort Dunvegan; The following day a little meat was obtained
from a band of Indians.
July 14: Fort Dunvegan; Ten women of the Flux Band arrived
loaded with meat. They brought 1182 lbs. dried meat, 721 lbs. pounded and 170
lbs. grease. August 17: Fort Dunvegan; Pouce (Pooscapee) Coupe
with a few others arrived. They have made a poor hunt. Jean Baptiste Buche
(Boucher) NWC (1806-1810) is believed at Rocky Mountain House. October 11: Fort
Dunvegan: (I)-Archibald Norman McLeod (1782-1840) joined NWC 1796 or 1802 arrived "in a light canoe with nine
men", six days out of Fort Vermilion and fourteen days from Fort Chipewyan.
The following day, Blondin with a brigade of seven canoes, accompanied by "Mr.(Andrew)
Mackenzie October 31: Rocky Mountain House, Pierre Bercier (1778-1833) and
Jules Maurice Quesnel were at this NWC post under command of Nicolas Montour. November
13: Pierre Bercier (1778-1833) and Jules Maurice Quesnel departed
Rocky Mountain House for a Rocky Mountain Tour. The tour ended November 19
but Bercier met up with Finan McDonald in the mountains February 9. 1807.
November 19: (II)- Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828), MacMaster and two others blazed
a trail through Findlay Pass (Howse Pass) and down the Blaeberry River for (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857)
expedition to
the Columbia River. They also built two canoes and stored them for use by
Thompson.
1807
Francois Berland Sr, Metis, b-1807 son Jean Baptiste Berland and Susanne
McLeod Nepissing; married Therese Callihoo L'Iroquois, b-1820, died 1978 St.
Albert, (Alberta) daughter Louis Kwarakwentha Callihoo L;Iroquois, born October
17, 1782 and Marie Sekanaise tribe Katis Montagnaus Nation. Andre Carriere
b-1780/82 he was at Red River before 1807, likely with NWC?, joined NWC
(1811-1821) likely Saskatchewan, HBC (1821-1824) Saskatchewan, retired to Red
River, trip to York Factory (1827-1828), inland trip (1829-1830) Reshor (Isaac or Resfer) Daignault (Daigneault), Metis b-1807, Fort Edmonton, N.W.
(Alberta),
son Richard Daigneault and Josephite Fortier; married 1832/38 Fort Carlton,
(South Saskatchewan River), Julia
Larence, Metis, b-1820/21 on the plains of the N.W., living Fort Edmonton 1891,
daughter Bazil Larence, born 1789/95, Quebec and Agathe Micher L'Iroquoise,
b-1812/25, Slave
Lake. Richard is noted as 2nd marriage before 1817, Lisette Bernard, this is an
obvious error. In the 1891 census two children are living with them most
likely grand children: Susanne Decoine, Metis, b-1807, Lesser Slave Lake, (Alberta), daughter
Francois Decoine and Kee-na-kwa-na Cheewannok; 1st married 1827 Fort Carlton
(South Saskatchewan River), So-so-wa-pas
Cardinal; 2nd marriage 1834 Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta), a man named Moise.
Jean Baptiste Gladu, b-1807, N.W.T. son Francois Gladu, born December 25,
1763 and Josephite Chartrand, b-1773; married October 8, 1845, Upper Fort des Prairies (Fort Edmonton, Alberta), Sophie Collin, Metis,
b-1815, Fitzhugh Place aka Jasper's House, (Alberta), daughter, Richard Collin Sr.,
Metis and
Genevieve Bruyere, Metis.
(I)-Joseph Howse (Howes)
(1774-1852) employee HBC (1795-1815) is posted Paint Creek House on the North
Saskatchewan River Jean Baptiste Lagimoniere, b-1778. and associates
Joseph (Louis)Paquin, and Charles Bellegarade with their Cree Metis families are
working the Edmonton area as far east as Cypress Hills, from (1807-1811)
Jean Baptiste Lagimodiere (1778-1855) likely also a Metis son John Baptist
Lagimodiere and Josephte Beauregard. Employed NWC 1800 at Grand Portage
(Minnesota), and Red River same year, 1805 in Quebec, 1806 at Pembina, ( 1807-1811) Fort
Edmonton, 1811 Red River, 1811/1812 Pembina, 1812 Red River, 1815/16 Montreal Jacques L'Hirondelle, Jr. Metis b-1807 Lesser Slave Lake son Jacques
L'Hirondelle Metis NWC since 1804 and Josette Pilon, Metis or Indian from
Athabasca: Jacques joined HBC May 21, 1832 at Edmonton House in the north
for two years.
Some suggest (II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) with his
large Metis family, returned to Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la Montagne de
Roches, (Alberta) after his trip to the Columbia
River system.
(II)-Peter Pruden, Metis born 1807 Action House on the Saskatchewan River son
(I)-Jean Peter Pruden (1778-1868) and Nancy Cree Indian Woman (1785-1837).
Jules Maurice Quesnel (1786-1842) son Louis Joseph Quesnel (Fur Trader) and
Marie Josephte Deslander, crossed the Rockies into the Columbia
Department.
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) departed Rocky Mountain House (Alberta)
for the B.C. interior, Columbia District (Idaho and Washington) . He
spent the next year trading
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857), of North West Company, had made friends with
the Piegan Indians who showed him the Findlay Pass aka Howse Pass that has been in use for the
past 10 years by the Metis.
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857), North West Company, built Fort Kootenay, Windermere
Lake, B.C. and criticized (II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828)
because the canoes he built the previous year were destroyed by animals.
This animosity is likely because Finley had explored the territory Thompson was
planning to cover. Also Thompson was not happy that Finlay made more money
than he. Some say (II)-Finlay quit the Northwest Company as a result of this
conflict. Pembina is derived from the Ojibwa word Anepeminan, meaning summer berry- a
kind of cranberry.
Fort Edmonton (Alberta) is reported destroyed by the Blood Indians and the area
near Sturgeon River is
abandoned until 1819.
James Hughes d-1823 of the North West Company moved Fort Augustus up river to
the Edmonton Area, and most likely (I)-James Bird Sr., aka James Curtis
(1773-1856) rebuilt Edmonton House next door. This was likely a reference
to 1801.
Quagmire Hall built by the N.W.C. on the North Saskatchewan River below Rocky
Rapids also called Muskake Fort was abandoned before 1811.
Fitzhugh Place aka Jasper's House, (Alberta) birth, Marie Comtois, Metis died December 1875 Fort
MacLeod (Alberta) daughter Siour Comtois and Josephte Fagnant, Metis who married
(III)-Peter Skene Ogden (1790/94-1854) born Quebec died September 27, 1854 Oregon. Peter
had a 2nd marriage about 1816, Julie (Julia Flathead & Princess Julia) Rivet
(Salishan Spokane) (1800-1886) daughter Therese Tete Platte (Salishan
Spokane).
Legasse and Pierre Leblanc with the Kootenay Indians crossed the Findlay Pass aka Howse
Pass in
trade.
January: At Fort Edmonton (Alberta) Isaac Daignault (Daigneault) is born the son
of Richard Daignault (Daigneault) and a Cree woman. (I)-James Bird, born
(1773-1856), is commandant at
Edmonton House and noted the half-breeds can feast with pleasure on horse,
dog or any substance. He can even support a deprivation of all food for a greater length of time and with less concern than any other
man on the
face of the earth. Some claim that Fort Augustus and Fort Edmonton, located
down river from present Edmonton, were destroyed by the Indians in
1807/08. This is interesting given that the fort was in use in
1810-1811 and there was no record of it being rebuilt? Maybe
they are referring to Fort Augustus or the XY Fort? Some claim the forts
were relocated to the mouth of White Eart River in 1810.
January 6: At Pembina, Marie-Anne Gaboury Metis? (1780-1875), originally from Maskinonge near Trois-Rivers, Quebec, married
to free trader, formally NWC man and may still be Jean Baptiste Lagimodiere
Metis? (1778-1855), Marie gave birth to her second baby Jean Baptiste
Lagimodiere Metis, born 1708? shortly after
riding a horse in a bison (buffalo) hunt, while the first
born Reine Lagimodiere Metis? b-1807 rode in a saddle bag. Within three days she was back riding
to Fort Edmonton (Alberta).
March 24: (II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) returned with his
Indian woman
and two Metis children from the mountains to meet (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857), March 24,
1807.
May 10: (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) , Finan McDonald and eight voyageurs began an expedition to cross
the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains). They used what was to become known as Howse Pass that
had been in use by the Indians for years if not centuries. They made
Blaeberry River aka Columbia River by June 30, It should be noted that
Jaco Finlat the Metis had built and cached a canoe at this location in 1806 for
their use but someone had smashed it. Jean Baptiste Buche (Boucher) NWC
(1806-1810) was on this expedition.
July 18: The (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) expedition had arrived Lake Windermere and built Kootanee House at
the south end of the lake. A letter written about this time suggests that (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) had another child in the Athabasca District by another woman other
than Charlotte. This is likely a reference to the birth of
(II)-Samuel Thompson Metis b-1804 at the Peace River Forks?
October 20: Devil or Spirit Lake (Lac Ste Anne, Alberta), birth, Jean Baptiste Letendre aka Mooshwan, Metis,
son Ferguson Letendre and A-tee-ka-po; married 1845, Devil Lake (Lac Ste
Anne, Alberta) Madelaine Gladu, Metis born September 22, 1830, Devil Lake
(Lac Ste Anne, Alberta), daughter Charles Gladu, b-1810 and Therese Gray,
b-1813, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), living Lac Ste Anne 1901.
December 4: Sturgeon Lake (Alberta), birth George Harmon, Metis, died March 18,
1813 Shelburne, Vermont, son Daniel Williams Harmon born February 19, 1778
Bennington, Vermont died April 1843 Sault au Recollets, Quebec and Lizzette
Laval (Duval) Metis born 1790 Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la Montagne de
Roches, died February 12, 1861 Sault
au Recollet, Quebec.
1808
Edmonton House, birth (II)-John Bird, Metis (1808-1837) son (I)-James Bird
(1773-1856) and Mary Kelly Swampy Cree Indian.
Jack Harding, a Texan Rancher, claimed to have kept a stopping place near
Eggie's, on the Athabasca Trail, and squatted near Bernard in 1808 but moved
over to the Twin Lakes at Clairmount and later to Pouce Coupe. Most of
this source, the Grand Prairie Herald-historical Issue deals with the early
1900's so this could be a typo error and might be 1908?
David Harmon (1778-1845) visited Fort Providence on the island near the forks
of the Saskatchewan, and Sturgeon Fort just above Fort Providence; Net Setting
River Fort where he found the remains of a whole range of forts, were trading
houses below Fort Carlton on the Saskatchewan.
Alexander Henry (1764-1814) wintered Fort Vermilion, at the mouth of the Vermilion
River (Alberta).
Basile Lucier (1807-1838) from Yamaska, Quebec, joined NWC (1807-1816) (I)-John George McTavish employed NWC (1798-1821) is assigned Fort Dunvegan on the Peace River
(1808-1809). This was a large fort built by Harmon, John McGillivray, J.D.
McTavish, John McTavish, Archibald Norman Macleod and 32 others comprising Metis
voyagers, nine women and several children. Some Iroquois were present as
hunters being brought from the east for their special skills. The Beaver
people were in the vicinity. Lanfd was broken and potatoes, vegetables and
barley were planted and yielded large returns.
(I)-Jean (John) Peter Pruden (1778-1868) a HBC Master and Trader wintered Edmonton
House. He spent 1808-1809 in London leaving his wife and children at
Carlton House..
The North West Company built Fort Augustus (later Fort Edmonton), James
Hughes, d-1823 was commandant. Fort Augustus was a three days journey up
river from Fort Vermillion at this time. Its first year of operation saw
about 100 Blood Indians came to trade.
Michel Patenaude, Metis, b-1808, Fort Edmonton (Fort Augustus?), (Alberta), died 1875 South Saskatchewan
River, son Michel Patenaude, b-1784, Red River des Metis, died July 20, 1863 Red
River and Francoise Gros Ventre; married 1st Rosalie Berger, Metis, b-1815, Fort Edmonton
or Fort Augustus?) (Alberta), daughter Jacques Berger and Cecile Dumont, Metis,
b-1800; 2nd marriage, 1843, Fort Edmonton (Alberta) Josep[hte Bourassa, b-1810
daughter Michel Francois Bourassa and Marguerite Beaulieu.
Boggy Hall Post NWC existed some unknown time prior to this and is located on
north bank of the Saskatchewan River at township 46, and 47, ramge 9 just above
Blue Rapids. (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) left his family here October 3rd and mentioned Fort Muskako in
township 30, range 6 west 5th, called Quagmire Hall by Alexander Henry
(1764-1814). Fort George
was in ruins and Old Fort Augustus had been pillaged and destroyed by the
Blackfoot. He mentioned Old Island Fort, 20 miles above Fort George and a
new Fort near Fort Vermilion, just recently built on the north side of the river
opposite the mouth of Vermilion River. It was the headquarters of the
district and Alexander Henry the younger (1764-1814) had just arrived from Red River to take
charge of the fort for NWC. The HBC also had a post here in charge of by
Henry Hallett and Robert Longmore. (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) was back in the Kootemy country 1808-1809. Boggy Hall, birth (II)-John Thompson Metis died January 11, 1814 Terrebonne
son (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and (II)- Charlotte Small b-1785 Metis. Boggy
Hall was at the mouth of the Brazeau and Nordegg Rivers into the Saskatchewan
River.
The Hudson Bay Company would later in 1819 build Fort Edmonton and (II)-John Rowand (1787-1854) was in
charge.
The XY Company built a Fort on or near the final Fort Edmonton location and
is therefore the first Fort located at Edmonton city, the commandant of the fort
is unknown. XY would merge with the N.W.C..
Jean Baptiste Lagimodiere,Metis? (1778-1855) and illegitimate wife Marie Anne
Gaboury, Metis? (1780-1875), departed Pembina in August for Fort Meadows (later
called Fort Strong (Edmonton) and Fort Augustus. Jean was 1st married to
Josephte Indian with three small children whom he abandoned. They traveled
with the families of Chalifoux, Belgrade and Paouin. The reason for their
move was that Jean Baptiste Lagimodiere had three baby girls by Indian women and
she threatened to poison Marie Anne. Marie Gaboury Lagimodiere is claimed to be the first French Metis
Woman recorded at Fort Augustus Edmonton, Alberta. This is not
likely. She is from the
Pembina post and is married to free trader, Jean Baptist. They lived
in the Edmonton area for four years, eventually returning to Red River.
Their daughter Julie Lagimodiere Metis? b-1809, who is born in Alberta, would become the mother of
Louis Riel? Many later arrivals to Edmonton would claim to be first.
Fort Edmonton (Fort Augustus?), birth Michel Patenaude Jr., Metis died 1875 on South
Saskatchewan River, son Michel Patenaude Sr. b-1784 and Francoise Gros-Venture, he married Rosalie Berger b-1815 Fort Edmonton daughter of
Berger and Cicile Dumont.
(II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) guided (I)-Joseph Howse HBC
(1774-1852) man through
the Finlay Pass and Howse named the pass after himself. This is
interesting given he knew that Finlay and others had used the pass in the past
10 years and (I)-David Thompson (1770-1844) had used it last year but still he had the cheek to name it after
himself. Others suggest this took place in 1809.
(III)-Miquam (Jacques) or (Jacob) Finlay b-1808 Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains), aka Poste de la
Montagne de Roches, son (II)-Old Jacques Raphael
(Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) and Indian woman. This is more
likely one of the 4 adopted Lussier (Lagasse) children. Or one of his sons. Nine other children born in
Spokane, Washington are attributed to (II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828)
and Indian woman. Most of (II)-Old Jacques kids were born in the Fort
Edmonton Area. Some of these are likely associated with a
different wife, his brother (II)-Xavier Finlay (1779-1859) or some of his sons or
adopted sons.
A Hudson Bay Company had a house at Fort Vermillon with Henry Hallett and
Robert Longmore. Longmore spent 40 years with the HBC and left the country
having saved £1,800.
Daniel Harmon (1778-1845) while ascending the Pacific River from Fort
Chipewyan noted Fort Vermilion was 60 miles above Virmilion Falls, present site
of Fort Vermilion. He also mentions Encampment Island Fort but does not
give it's location and it's not on Thompson's maps. .
June: Simon Fraser (1776-1862) on the banks on the Fraser River
encountered Indians who were exceeding well dressed in leather and were on
horseback. These horses are called wild mustangs (cayuse) and are
descended from mustangs introduced by the Spanish, and still run wild in the
area today.
June 5: (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) went south to Kootenay River that he called McGillivany's
River, as he wanted to establish trade with the Flat Head Indians (Salish) into
Montana and Idaho. He went to Bonner's Ferry (Idaho) then on to Cranbrook
then back to Kooteney house by June 5.
August: Fort Meadows (on site of future Fort Edmonton), birth, Jean
Baptiste Lagimodiere Jr. Metis? b-1708 son Jean
Baptiste Lagimodiere, Metis? (1778-1855) and Marie Anne Gaboury Metis? (1780-1875).
August 8: Red River des Metis, Alexander
Henry, the younger (1764-1814) of NWC since 1791, set out for Fort Vermilion
(near Elk Point, Alberta).
Alexander Henry, the younger (1764-1814) arrived Fort Vermilion and spent three years
working the Saskatchewan up to the head waters. Henry tells us in
1808-1809 season he traded with the Cree and a few Slaves from the north, with
the Assiniboines from Battle River, the Blackfoot, Bloods and some Sarcees from
the south. To prevent rivalry they encouraged trade at different
forts. Peigans traded Fort Augustus (near Edmonton) and Rocky Mountain
House. The Bloods and Blackfoot were not allowed to trade at Rocky Mountain
House until 1860. Great order was maintained without Government or police.
1809
Joseph Nabestiwayan Beaudry (1809-1881) was baptized, September 14, 1842,
Fort des Prairies (Edmonton, Alberta) he married 1838 but was churched September
14, 1842, Fort des Prairie (Edmonton, Alberta) Louise Ladouceur, b-1820 Lac La
Biche (Alberta) daughter Joseph Ladouceur b-1777/80 and Josephte Cardinal Metis
b-1800, epouse Joseph
Desjarlais Metis Jr. b-1794
(II)-James Bird aka Jimmy Jock, Metis (1798/1800-1892) son (I)-James Bird aka
James Curtis (1773-1856) and Mary Kelly Swampy Creek Indian Woman.:
married 1st Sarah a Piegan Indian, b-1809; married 2nd Elizabeth Indian
b-1808;. He joined HBC at Edmonton House 1809 so this supports an earlier
birth than 1798. However his father is in Charge of all inland
posts stationed at Edmonton House (1803-1813), and his son was hired as a
writer. W. V. Mackie at Prince Albert says "James Bird, an aged man
residing here." Jacques Cardinal aka Cardinalle & Cardinel Metis b-1772 employed NWC before
1809 but assigned Fort des Prairies (1811-1812) then Columbia District
(1812-1822), HBC (1821-1822) Columbia District, (1822-1826) Lesser Slave
Lake. He had a wife and one son in 1809, daughter 1832.
Joseph Delecourt, son Jean Baptiste Delcourt both employed NWC (1809-1811)
wintered Rocky Mountain House.
(I)-William Flett (1762-1823) joined HBC (1782-1823) York Factory then
Saskatchewan River (1809-1823) retiring Red River, married Isabella Saskatchewan
(1775-1845) bapt 1825, widowed and living with Robert Rowland in (1827-1835) Red
River Joseph Gray, Metis, b-1809, Jasper House (Alberta), son, Thomas Gray and Mary
Nipissing; 1st married, Clarisse Karaconti,
2nd married 1845 Devil Lake (Lac Ste Anne, Alberta), Susanne Callihoo L'Iroquoise,
b-1824, daughter Louis Kwarakwentlia Callihoo L'Iroquoise, b-1782, Quebec and
Marie Katis Sekanaise of the Montagnais Nation.
Pierre Genou, alias Gagnon and Ginan, voyager for the North West Company,
is reported with (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) this and next year. On October 20, at
Fort Vermilion, in house #5, lives Joseph Genou, alias Gagnon or Gagnion, and
his wife. No children are reported, but the Gagnon family in 1810
numbered 17 persons.
Joseph Hawse of the Hudson Bay with a 17 man expedition journeyed from
Edmonton House (Fort Meadows?) to the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains), aka Poste de la Montagne de Roches. He also traveled from Augustus
House, Fort Saskatchewan, across the continental divide to Flathead Lake,
Montana (Flathead is a tribal name) and returned with thirty-six packs of furs. The old abandoned
Fort Augustus, located one mile above Sturgeon River mouth (Fort Saskatchewan),
is burned this year by the Blackfoot.
Alexander
Henry, the younger (1764-1814) of NWC records he packed 380 front quarters
and 530 hind quarters of buffalo (bison) meat in his ice houses. Fort
Vermilion, White Earth House and Edmonton House had immense ice houses.
After visiting these locations he returned to Fort Vermilion.
Alexander Henry the younger (1764-1814) notes that on a trip from Fort Vermilion
(Alberta) to Fort William the brigade had 11 canoes, manned by 5 men and 1
woman. It would appear the women are full working members but don't appear
on the records of account. If they were not the husbands would have to pay
for their trip.
Alexander Henry of NWC visited Fort William aka Kaministiqua, Fort Augustus
and traded New Earth House (near the mouth of Wabamun Creek, before returning to
Fort Vermilion..
(I)-Joseph Howse (Howes) (1774-1852) employee HBC (1795-1815) is posted
Edmonton House (1809-1810)
Joseph Ladouceur b-1777/80 Quebec, voyageur with NWC, wintered (1809-1810) Fort
Vermillion with his Josephte Cardinal Metis b-1800 wife and any children are not recorded.
(I)-Alexander Roderick McLeod (1782-1840) employed NWC/HBC (1802-1824) of the
Athabasca Department.is posted to Rocky Mountain House (1809-1911)
(II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) lived between Blaeberry
and Kootenae House he adopted the 4 Lussier (Lagasse) orphaned children. It is
likely these children took on the Finlay name. The casual adoption
of orphaned children is quite common among the Metis culture. The Piegan People
robbed Finlay of his horse and goods, he was known to have more than 18 horses.
(I)-James Sandison b-1798 joined HBC (1779-1816) York Factory assigned
Carlton House, Saskatchewan District (1809-1816)
Fort Dunvegan (1805-1918) D.W. Harmon, famous as a NorthWest Co explorer,
took over Fort Dunvegan, to be succeeded in turn by John McGillivray. Other
famous NorthWest Company traders whose names are connected with Dunvegan include
McDonald McTavish, Joseph Finlay and Samuel Black who all outfitted or stopped
off at Dunvegan during their voyages of exploration.
May 31: Fort Vermilion, (Alberta) Alexander
Henry, the younger (1764-1814) of NWC since 1791 wrote, gathered all my turnips
50 bushels in all. This implies he was here in previous years This
NWC fort contained 36 men, 27 Indian and Metis women and 67 Metis children June:
(I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) was at the New Fort Augustus (Edmonton) where he met James Hughes,
now partner NWC. Thompson sent his brigade eastward and returned to the
Columbia, meeting Joseph Howse at Kootnay Plain. July 18: (I)-Joseph Howse
(1774-1852) of the HBC (1795-1815) with three men departed Edmonton House to
cross the Rocky Mountains. They returned August 9 before NWC (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) even started to cross the Mountains. This was the first
expedition of the HBC to cross the Rockies. If it wasn't for NWC (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) we wouldn't know that the HBC party reached Lake Windermere (B.C.)
and the Columbia River. July 21: D.W. Harmon, a famous
N.W.C. explorer took over Fort Dunvegan and was succeeded
by John McGillvray. Harmon says the barley was cut on this date and it was
the finest he had ever seen in any country. September
10: (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) with (II)-Joco Finlay Metis (1768-1828) and a party went to Bonner's Ferry (Idaho) then
south to Pend Oreille Lake where they built Kullyspell House. Then they
built Saeesh House on the Clark Forn River near Thompson Falls (Montana) where
they wintered. September
15: Alexander Henry the Younger, (1764-1814) is at Fort Vermilion on the Saskatchewan. He
recorded the mixing of liquor for the Indians to make a nine gallon keg we
generally mix 4-5 quarts of high wine and then fill with water. This is
called Blackfoot Rum. For the Cree and Assiniboine we use 6 quarts high
wine. For Saulteurs 8-9 quarts. Therefore costs were low and profits
were high. October: Alexander Henry the Younger, (1764-1814), on the Saskatchewan River, opposite the mouth of the Vermilion
River, with eleven canoes of trade goods, noted (II)-James (Jimmy Jock) Bird,
Jr. Metis (1798/1800-1892) employed HBC (1809-1839) so must be born before 1800 (some
records say 1783 or 1785) and his family wife Sarah Piegan and children arrived
by canoe from York Factory, then departed with his family on horseback,
presumably for Fort Edmonton. (II)-Jimmy Jock Bird (1800-1892) is the
Half-breed son
of (I)-James Bird Sr. (1773-1756) and Indian woman, others say mother was
Mary Kelly Swampy Creek Indian Woman and sill others Elizabeth Oo-menahomiski
Indian..
October 20: At Fort Vermilion,
in house #5, lives Joseph Genou (b-1777?), alias Gagnon or Gagnion, and his
wife (Josephte Lapierre b-1785??). Possible daughter (I)-Jean Baptiste
Brillant dit Lapierre and Francois Itagisse Chretienne Sauyeuse (Ojibwa)? No children are reported but the Gagnon clan in 1810 numbered 17 persons.
1810
Angus Bethune, of NWC likely Metis, (1783-1858) is at Fort Vermillion with
Henry's cavalcade, and one of the women is likely wife of
Angus Bethune as he had three wives, one native girl around White Earth House in
1810
Fort Edmonton, birth (II)-Letitia Bird, Metis (1810-1897) daughter (I)-James
Bird (1773-1856) and Mary Kelly Swampy Cree Indian; married 1841, Columbia
(Oregon) Charles McKay
Pierre Bostonais (Bostonnais) dit Tete Jaunes, d-1827 an Iroquois Metis with yellow hair also called Tete
Jaune meaning yellow head, is recorded in Rocky Mountain House in employ of the
NWC. He was actually a free trader as was his brother Jean Baptiste
Bostonais Metis. It is believed their ancestors were part of the Iroquois
who migrated from New York region to Sault St Louis (Caughnawaga) near Montreal
about 1670. The earliest record of Pierre Bostonais was in 1805 it was
recorded that Tete Jaune's son died at St. Croux (Minnesota)
Basile (Basil, Bazil) David,
b-1780 listed as voyageur XY Co.., Fond du Lac, (Minnesota) 1804, and with NWC 1810-11
was with Alexander Henry Jr. on the upper Saskatchewan. married
1803/07 Therese Chippewa b-1784 Joseph Boisvert and Charles La Marche with
Basil David b-1780 and Alexander Henry Jr. are on the upper Saskatchewan. (I)-William Fleet (Flett) (1762-1823) employed HBC (1782-1823) assigned Action
House, Saskatchewan River (1810-1812)
(I)-William Fleet (Flett) (1786-1852) employed HBC (1807-1832) assigned
Saskatchewan River (1810-1818) he married Betsy Indian woman (1787-1847) likely
at Cumberland House. Children likely all born on the Saskatchewan between
(1810-1818) based on the 1835 census at Red River. (I)-William Flett b-1788 Orkney employed HBC (1807-1818) assigned inland
Saskatchewan and Edmonton House (1813-1818) then he returned to Orkney.
Charles Gladu, b-1810, N.W.T. son Francois Gladu, born December 25, 1763 and Josephte Cartrand, b-1773; married 1825,
Devil Lake (Lac
Ste Anne, Alberta ), Therese Gray, Metis, b-1813, Lesser Slave Lake, daughter Thomas Gray
and Marie Nipissing epouse
Archibald McDonald son Allen McDonald, born May 19, 1832.
Alexander Henry (1764-1814) reported White Earth House barley was frozen so
he sent his harvesters to Edmonton to reap a splendid harvest. He wintered
at Rocky Mountain House before venturing into the Columbia District.
(II)-Nicholas Montour Jr.Metis is working out of Fort Vermilion this season
for NWC.
White Earth River was a joint venture between Alexander Henry (1764-1814) of
NWC and Henery Hallett of the HBC. When this post was completed Fort
Vermilion and Fort Augustus would be shut down. The population of the post
was 135 NWC and 85 HBC people. The entire compound was enclosed in one
stockade while each company had it's own internal stockade. Warehouses
were built, workmen houses and the Big House for the Chief Factors built before
winter set in. Blacksmith's shops were built and a hen house.
Fields were cleared for barley, potatoes, turnips and radishes. The women
picked strawberries, raspberries and cranberries to mix with pemmican.
Haying was finished August 29 having put up more than 2000 bundles. This
co-operation was before the savage and bloody conflict that later disgraced the
conduct of both companies in the years between 1811 and 1921. Near Cypress Hills, birth, Jossette (The Cypresses) Lagimodiere, Metis? daughter Jean Baptiste
Lagimodiere, Metis? (1778-1855) and Marie Anne Gaboury, Metis? (1780-1875) of Fort Meadows
(future site Fort Edmonton..
(II)-Nicholas Montour Jr. son (I)-Nicholas Montour Sr. d-1808 a shareholder
in the NWC, (II)-Nicolas is employed NWC (1804-1817) posted this season to Fort
Vermilion, Saskatchewan River.
(I)-John Park (1768/71-1847) employed HBC (1792-1822) assisted (I)-Joseph
Howse's (1774-1852) expedition across the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains). Park worked the
Saskatchewan river (1810-1822)
(II)-Margaret Pruden, Metis born 1810 Carlton House on the Saskatchewan River
daughter (I)-Jean Peter Pruden (1778-1868) and Nancy Cree Indian Woman
(1785-1837).
(II)-John Rowand (1787-1854), a clerk with the North West Company, raised in Montreal,
took a young native country wife, Louis Umphreville Metis, at Fort Des Prairies,
(Edmonton, Alberta) after she saved his life, yet he never once recorded her name. He
would later serve at Fort Edmonton aka Fort Meadows (Alberta).
(II)-James Spense, Metis Jr. b-1782/87, York Factory, died September 28 1856, St Andrews,
son (I)-James Spense (1754-1795) and Nesticho (Nostisho) Metis; joined HBC
(1800-1826) assigned York (1800-1810) assigned Saskatchewan District
(1810-1824) married January 5, 1830, Mary (Margaret) Stone Indian
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) wintered Old Fort Augustus 1810/1811, likely
with wife (II)-Charlotte Small, Metis (1784/5-1848/1856) and family. He
visited Rainy Lake accompanied by his family. At this time Upper Fort
Augustus (Edmonton) and Fort Vermilion were abandoned and a new house built at
the mouth of the White Earth River, section 1, township 59, range 16, west
4th. Henry was in charge of the NWC post and Hallett for the HBC.
Thompson returned to the Columbia this autumn with trade goods. At the
headwaters of the Saskatchewan Thompson and Alexander Henry was turned back by
the Peigans for trading arms to the Kootenays and Thompson had to find another
way over the Rockies. They took the Athabaska Pass by following the Old
Indian trail from Boggy Hall and arrived at the pass in December..
(II)-George Ward, Metis b-1810 son (I)-John Ward Sr. employed HBC
(1788-1796) Orkney and Native woman. John had "run away" taking
a canoe with him which was deducted from his wages.
(II)-James Whitman Jr Metis b-1796 is at Carlton House (1810-1815) on the
North Saskatchewan River.
(II)-James Whitford Metis Jr. b-1796 York District son (I)-James Peter
Whitford (1766-1818) and Sarah Indian d-1845; Joined HBC (1810-1819) Carlton
House and Edmonton House; married 1820 Red River Mary Spence Alexander
Henry, the younger, Metis (1764-1814) of NWC since 1791, visited Fort Meadows
(Edmonton) and Fort Terre Blanche, near the mouth of Wabamun Creek Angus
Bethune Metis (1783-1858) is on this cavalcade.
The Hudson Bay Company abandoned Fort Edmonton due to the hostility of the
Cree and Blackfoot towards the H.B.C. Some suggest they abandoned the fort
in 1807 because it was burnt down and they feared for their lives. Fort Edmonton would not be rebuilt
until 1819.
The North Western's James Hughes, d-1823 and Alexander
Henry, the younger, (1764-1814) of NWC, agreed with the Hudson Bay's
(I)-James Bird Sr. (1773-1856), Henry Hallet and (I)-John Peter Pruden
(1778/88-1868) in attempting to separate the
Cree and the Blackfoot for the purpose of trade because these two Peoples are in
disagreement.
Some suggest that the NWC, Fort Augustus and the HBC, Fort Edmonton relocated
from Rossdale Flats (Edmonton, Alberta) to Wabamun Creek and the Saskatchewan
River. This site was short lived and they both returned to Rossdale Flats
(Edmonton, Alberta). Fort Edmonton would not be rebuilt
until 1819 so it like only the NWC relocated..
Both the Hudson Bay Company and the North West Company
built Forts at Upper Terra Blanche (Fort White Earth), they shared a common
palisade. The forts were also called Lower Terre Blanche of Fort
Edmonton. They were abandoned in 1813. Some suggest this was White Mud Creek
near Edmonton. but this is not likely. It was more likely White Earth
River, near Pakan, Alberta. It could be White Mud House near Lake Wabamun
west of Edmonton. The North West Company Fort contained 135 people, being composed of 28 men,
35 women and 72 children. The Hudson Bay Company fort contained 85 people.
Fort Augustus and Fort Saskatchewan moved seventy miles down stream to
White Earth Creek. They built in a common stockade and retained the Augustus
and Edmonton names, but the traders called it Fort White Earth, Terra Blanche,
and Lower White Earth Post. The NWC some say didn't return to Edmonton until 1813, where
they would stay on Rosedale Flats, again within a common stockade, and became
the central headquarters for the Hudson Bay Company fur trading on the
western prairies. Others suggest the HBC did not return to Edmonton until
1819. This would imply the forts moved upstream and down
stream between Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la Montagne de Roches, and Fort Saskatchewan a number of
times. It is worth noting that Fort Edmonton a.k.a. Fort Augustas was also known
as Fort de (des) Prairie. There appears to be some confusion during this
period. It maybe the difference between a fort vs. a trading post.
February 1: Alexander Henry (1764-1814) wintered Fort Vermilion, at the mouth of
the Vermilion River (Alberta). He wrote; they laid in their glaciere
(ice-house) 550 thighs and 380 shoulders of bison (buffalo). And on May 31, when
they abandoned the post, they left about 400 frozen quarters behind, which they
could not carry with them. The combined numbers of the two abandoned posts
gathered at Terre Blanche House were 135, which included women and children.
May 31: Fort Vermilion, Alexander
Henry, the younger, Metis (1764-1814) of NWC since 1791 departed Fort Vermilion (near
Elk Point, Alberta) for Rocky Mountain house
aka Poste de la Montagne de Roches (Alberta) with a cavalcade of 44 horses, 60
dogs (travaille), 12 men, 6 women and 1 blind man. This is interesting
they used horses and dog trains rather than canoes. The intent was to
cross the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains) and previous crossing by the Metis likely suggest pack
horses and dog trains was the way to go. Henry writes:
June 19: Alexander
Henry, the younger, (1764-1814) of NWC at White Earth House (Alberta)
recorded the departure of (I)-Joseph Howse
(1774-1852) HBC with two canoes for the Columbia, with 9 men but Howse left by
land the next day with 4 Cree guides and hunters. The whole expedition
consisted of 17 persons.
July: Alexander Henry the Younger reported on returns taken from
French Métis trappers: “Letendre and family arrived from Beaver Hills on
south side, bringing upwards to a hundred beaver skins” but he had “seen no
Indians.” A week later he recorded that “La Boucone arrived, and his Indian,
a hunter from Beaver Hills, where he and Marion are working on the beaver.” July 9: James McMillan was dispatched to the Columbia to
spy on the Howse expedition in that quarter. November: Adjoining posts were built by N.W.C. and H.B.C. on the North
Saskatchewan River at the mouth of Wabamun Creek and was called Little White
Earth Post aka Upper Terre Blanche Fort. They were abandoned in April
1813. Lower Terre Blanche (White Earth) was built some ninety miles below
Edmonton House.
November 1: Joseph Delecourt, son Jean Baptiste Delcourt both employed
NWC (1809-1811) are at Boggy Hill on the Saskatchewan River traveling to the
Athabasca River with Pierre Pariel and Joseph Cote.
1811
Joseph Beaudry Sr. (Beaudrie and old Goudrie) Metis (1780-1863) joined NWC
(1811-1821) likely Saskatchewan, HBC (1821-1846) Saskatchewan forts Edmonton and
Carlton, retired Red River 1846, married Sophie Latour (Karorwaste) Metis
b-1819, this is likely bapt date or represents two different women? Joseph Belcour (Belcourt, Bellecourt) Metis d-1863 joined NEC (1811-1821)
Athabasca River HBC (1821-1838) Lesser Slave Lake, Athabasca. Married 1808
Catherine L'Hyrondelle Metis b-1793 Lesser Slave Lake, daughter of Jacques
L'Hyrondelle (L'Hirondelle) and Josephine Pilon Augustin Belcourt Metis joined NWC (1811-1821) Athabasca River, Fon du Lac,
Lake Nipigon (II)-Arthur Bird, Metis born 1811 Edmonton House or born 1822 Red
River son (I)-James Bird (1773-1856) and Mary Kelly Swampy Cree Indian or
Elizabeth Oo-menahomiski; traveled to Oregon Territory with step brother/brother
(1854)
Jean Marie Boucher (Bouche) joined NWC (1810-1815) Athabasca, (1815-1821)
& HBC (1821-1822) English River
Etienne Charbonneau joined NWC (1800-1821) Red River Brigade, Lake Winnipeg,
Fort Wedderburn, Athabasca (1811-1813) then Fort William ?(1820-1821) (I)-Patrick Corcoran aka Cochrane, and Cochran, b-1787 Ireland, came to York
Factory as a Red River Settler (1811-1812), found his way to Montreal, joined
HBC, traveled to Athabasca (1819-1820) worked Fort Wedderburn, Athabasca
District (1820-1822). Patrick was the brother of John d-1827, Thomas
(1794-1865), Richard and Edward.
(I)-Peter Corrigal aka Corrigle Orkney, (1782-1866) employed HBC (1797-1823)
is assigned Saskatchewan District (1811-1814); 1st. married Christianna an
Indian Woman (1751-1851) and they had a son (II)-James Corrigal, Metis; 2nd
marriage Margaret an Indian Woman, (I)-Peter retired Red River 1819.
Saskatchewan District, birth, (II)-Elizabeth Dunnet, Metis , baptized July
17, 1827 Red River daughter (I)-William Dunnet aka Dunnett, Dennet (1780-1864)
employed HBC (1796-1821) and (II)-Sophia Ballendine, Metis, b-1791: married John
Slater.
(I)-Hugh Gibson (1780-1869) employed HBC (1797-1824) assigned Fort Edmonton
(1811-1824), listed in June 1, 1823 as having a family of seven including an
Indian Woman. (II)-Barbara Gibson, Metis, (II)-Anne Gibson, Metis and
(II)-Elizabeth Gibson, Metis are likely among the seven. Hugh was
described as a saucy, mischief making fellow. It's possible he married a
2nd wife March 2, 1829, Christina Indian baptized January 8, 1830?
George Gladue, Metis b-1811 Athabasca married about 1885, likely at Beaver Lake,
(Alberta), Anne Metis
b-1851, Alberta. Jeanette Guilvieu b-1811 N.W. living Battle River (Alberta), 1891. Alexander
Henry (1764-1814) wintered Rocky Mountain House then over the Great Divide at the
Stony Mountain (Rocky Mountain) Portage (Howse Pass). William Henry of the NWC built Henry House on the
Athabasca River in the vicinity of Jasper. It was near the site of a
supply deposit built by Jasper Hawes in 1801.
(II)-Michel Klyne, Metis b-1811 Fort Edmonton, (Fort Augustus/Meadows ?) died December 9, 1875, son
(I)-Michel Klyne, b-1781, a Dutchman,
and Suzanne Lafrance, Metis, b-1790 North West Territories; married
Mareleine Beauchemin, Metis, b-1820 on the Plains, NWT. daughter Andre Millet
dit Beachemin, b-1778 and Charlotte Pelletier, Metis, b-1785
(I)-James Knight b-1779 joined HBC (1798-1818) York Inland in Southern
District, (1811-1818) Saskatchewan District wintered Fort Edmonton, retired 1822
likely Red River as married 1825 Sophie Hallett as per 1827 census.
Louis Lachapelle b-1777 Repentigny, Montreal employed NWC (1811-1821) and HBC
(1821-1830) Athabasca District and last Lac La Plue..
Michel Lafforte (Ferte) (1788-1861) (1788-1861) NWC assigned to Fort des
Prairies before going to Fort George, Caledonia and Columbia 1812
Joseph La Guarde (LaGarde) Metis b-1790 Lac La Pluie joined NWC (1811-1821)
& HBC (1821-1836) Athabasca District, retired Red River Jean
Baptiste Lagimodiere, Metis? (1778-1855) and Marie Anne Gaboury Metis?
(1780-1875) of Fort
Meadows (future site Fort Edmonton), returned to Red River. Joseph La
Guarde aka Lagarde, Le Guarde etc, b-1790 Lac La Pluie employed NWC/HMC
Athabasca (1811-1836) and then retired to Red River. Pierre (Joseph)
Felix Larocque Metis/Iroquois Sr b-1786/87 possible son Augustin Larocque
b-(1770-1846) and Agatha Indian; employed XL Co (1801-1804); NWC (1804-1821) as a voyageur 1804 or earlier out of Fort
Dauphin )Manitoba) is in the Athabasca District (1811-1821) Thompson Valley (Kamloops);
HBC (1821-1825) Louis
Majeau b-1789 from L'Assompton joined NWC (1811-1821) assigned Athabasca
(1811-1813), Cumberland House (1814-1817), English River (1818-1821) HBC
(1821-1826) Isle-a-la Crosse and English River. Might be the same person
arrested 1819 with Pierre Boucher, John Duncan Campbell and Benjamin Frobisher
charged in the murder of Governor Semple? Nicholas
Monique Mohawk/Iroquois or Metis from Sault St. Louis, Quebec joined NWC 1811
Athabasca (1813-1816) & HBC (1823-1830) Columbia District, worked
Saskatchewan (1821-1822) Charles
Plante (1790-1854) employed NWC (1811-1814) Athabasca District, then Columbia
District in (1825-1821); with HBC (1821-1842) in Columbia, District He had
5 wives all in Columbia Fort Augustus, birth (II)-Jushua
Thompson Metis son (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) and (II)-Charlotte Small, Metis (1784-1846/56) (II)-John Turner Metis b-1782 possible
son (I)-John Turnor (Turner) (1751-1799) and Indian woman, joined HBC
(1802-1831) (1811-1812) assistant trader and interpreter on the Saskatchewan
settler Pas near Cumberland. Joseph Turpin (Turpon) Metis b-1791 joined NWC
(1811-1821) & HBC (1821-1825) Lesser Slave Lake settler Red River, in 1831
census 4 Metis sons over 16 yrs and 1 Metis daughter under 15. (I)-James Whiteway (1778-1838) Joined
HBC (1798-1811) York & (1811-1823) Fort Edmonton, married twice Rocky
Mountain House (NWC) is located up river from the Fort St John another NWC fort
on the Peace River (Alberta). This is not to be confused with Rocky
Mountain House (NWC) on the North Saskatchewan River (Alberta). Going west
from Lake Athabasca up the Peace River are the following North West Company
forts and trading houses active this year. Fort Chipewyan (north shore),
Fort Wintzel, Red River Fort, Fort Liard and next door Mansfield House HBC, Fort
du Tremble, Fort Vermilion, Horseshoe House, McLeod's Fort, Fort of the Forks,
Fort Dunvegan, Fort St. John and Rocky Mountain House. The North
West Company built a trading post near Beaver Crossing, north of Indian Reserve
#149, Cold Water
Lake aka Cold Lake, (Alberta). At Great Bear Fort all but one of the men
starved to death this year. The North
West Company built Henry's House in Jasper (adjacent to the Jasper-Malign Canyon
road, Alberta) up river from Fitzhugh Place
aka Jasper's House (NWC)
on the Athabasca River (Alberta). Going south from Lake Athabasca up the
Athabasca River are the following North West Company forts and trading houses
active this year. Fort Chipewyan (south shore), Fort Nottingham (HBC),
Pound's House, Fort Pierre au Calumet, Fort of the Forks, Lesser Slave River
House (Lesser Slave Lake Fort, north end of lake), two Athabasca River posts,
Fitzhugh Place aka Jasper House and Henry's House aka Jasper's House. Going down river from the
Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains) on
the North Saskatchewan River we find; Action House (HBC), Rocky Mountain House (NWC),
Boggy Hall (NWC) on the west bank of the Saskatchewan River above Blue Rapids, Quagmire House (NWC), Buck Lake House (HBC), Earth River (HBC),
Earth River (NWC), Fort Augustus (NWC), Edmonton House (HBC), Fort de I'lisle (HBC),
Firt I'lisle (NWC), Fort George (NWC), Buckingham House (HBC), and Fort
Vermilion (HBC & NWC), Beaver River and tributatories, north of Fort
Augustus Fort de l'Original (NWC), Greenwich House (HBC) and Fort Lac La Biche. South
Saskatchewan River contained Bow River Fort (NWC), and Fort La Jonquiere (NWC), Alexander
Henry, the younger, Metis (1764-1814) of NWC since 1791 wintered Rocky Mountain House
and crossed the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains) to trade with the Salish Indians. Angus
Bethune Metis (1783-1858) likely is with Henry as second in command. January
11: Thomas Iroquois showed (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) the mountain pass
called Athabasca Pass to the
Columbia. The Iroquois had been using the pass for over ten years.
May: Alexander
Henry, the younger, (1764-1814) pitched his tent in
old Fort Augustus (Alberta).
May: (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) is back at Rocky Mountain House but the Blackfoot were determined to
stop them from trading with the Kootnay, so they had to cross the Rockies at
Jasper, a pass well explored about 1809 by the Nepisanoues (Ojibwa) and 14
Frenchmen. (I)-David Thompson
(1770-1857) used Thomas Iroquois as his guide.
May 11: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) is at Henry House at the
confluence of the Miette and the Athabasca Rivers, opposite the present station
house in Jasper (Alberta). He then went down the Athabasca to Little Slave
River and turned up to the NWC post at the foot of the lake. He continued
down the Athabasca to the mouth of the Lac La Biche River. He ascended the
river to Lac La Biche lake. Crossing the portage to Beaver River he
descended to Isle a la Crosse. Then onward to Fort William and thence to
Terrebone, near Montreal to work on his maps. He never returned to the
west again. He lost his fortune and was forced to sell his instruments and
pawn his coat for food..
July: (I)-Joseph Howse (1774-1852) returned from his Columbia expedition to
Edmonton House. They had furs valued at £1,500 at a cost of £576
The HBC did not conduct trade over the mountains until after the 1821 merger
with the NWC Howse wintered Paint Creek House on the North
Saskatchewan River (1810-1811). He
July 14; (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) went down to the mouth of
the Columbia River as the Indians told him white people had settled near the sea
coast. He arrived Fort Astoria this month at the mouth of the Columbia
River..
July 15: Saskatchewan (River?) Valley, Pascal Breland, d-1896 Red River
(Winnipeg?) son, Pierre Breland (1760-1829) and Louise Belly; married Marie
Grant, born July 15, 1820 N.W., daughter James Grant, b-1796 and Marie Desmarais.
September 20: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) and his trading party was
served formal notice near Rocky Mountain House not to trade guns to the
Kootenays. An Iroquois member of the party informed (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857)
there was
another route over the mountains to the Kootenays by following the Athabaska
River. They journeyed to Jasper, established a trading post, with William
Henry cousin/brother/son? of Alexander
Henry, the younger, (1764-1814) being in charge. This post was known as Henry's House.
1812
(II)-Colin Campbell Metis b-1787/90 son (I)-John Archibald Campbell
(1775-1808) and Dakota woman; joined NWC (1804-1821), English River, Fort
Dunvegan (1812) , HBC (1821-1847) Athabasca District, (1848-1852) Kenogamisse
District. Married (II)-Elizabeth McGillivray Metis b-1801 daughter
(I)-John McGillivray (1770-1855) and Susan Cree. They had 6 children: (I)-William Fleet (1762-1823) employed HBC (1782-1823) assigned Little White
Earth House, Saskatchewan River (1812-1813)
(I)-John Foubester (Fubbester, Foubister) b-1783 Orkney, employeed HBC
(1806-1826) worked the Saskatchewan (1812-1820) and Edmonton House (1815-1820)
then returned to Orkney. They said he was sober, honest and obedient but a
very bad steerman.
(I)-William Gibson b-1788 employed HBC (1804-1823) mostly in Fort Edmonton,
married to (II)-Nancy Flett, Metis bapt 1824 daughter (I)-William Fleet(1762-1823) and Isabella
Saskatchewan an Indian woman (1775-1845). Paint Creek House: (Alberta) birth
(II)-Jenny (Jane) Howse, Metis, died February 27, 1830 daughter (I)-Joseph Howse
(Howes) (1774-1852) employee HBC (1795-1815) and Indian Woman Agathe Michel L'Iroquoise, b-1812 daughter Louis Kwarakwentha Callihoo
L'Iroquoise, b-1782 Quebec and Marie Katis of the Sekanaise tribe of the
Montagnais Nation; married August 21, 1838 Fort Carleton, (Saskatchewan), Brazil
Larence, b-1789, Quebec.
Ignace LaMousse of Caughnawaga, Quebec arrived Alberta and by 1820 married a
Flathead woman. Two sons are known Charles and Francois LaMousse.
Francois Lucier Sr. b-1770 employed NWC (1811-1812) Columbia District, NWC
(1812-1821) Fort des Prairies,and HBC (1821-1829) Saskatchewan River.then
freeman (1829-1868) Saskatchewan River (III)-John Rowand Metis Jr. Metis (1812-1865) on the Saskatchewan son (II)-John Rowand Sr.
(1787-1854) and Louise (Lisette) Umpreville Metis (1783-1849), joined HBC
1833-1855) on the North Saskatchewan River, settled Red River. He married
January 6, 1848 Margaret Harriott daughter John Edward Harriott and Margaret Ann
Pruden Metis b-1810. Recorded children are: Ignace Shonowane an Iroquois trader deserted the North West Company post at
the Spokane River to join the the American post at the Columbia River's
mouth. By 1818 nearly a third on the Companies employees in the Columbia
District were Iroquois traders. Pierre St. Germain Netis b-1790 or 1800 joined
NWC (1812-1820) Athabasca & HBC (1820-1834) Athabasca and McKenzie River,
retired Red River. In 1838 had wife and one Metis son born Fort
Resolution, three Metis daughters born Athabasca
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) recorded seeing the old fort of Mr. McLeod, on the Athabasca
River, at the mouth of the McLeod River. June 12; Rocky Mountain House
(I)-Ramsey Crooks (1787-1859) son William Crooks and Margaret Ramsey joined the
Montreal Fur Trade (1803-1810). In (1810-1812) joined Pacific Fur Company
for Fort Astoria Columbia District. When at Rocky Mountain House the Crow
Indians stole their horses. On 1817 joined the America Fur Company.
March 10, 1825 married Emily Pratt (Marianna Pelagie)
1813
(I)-James Bird aka James Curtis (1773-1856) employed HBC (1788-1824) is
posted Edmonton House as Chief of Saskatchewan District (1813-1816).
Edmonton House was built of the flats and a disastrous flood of 1830 destroyed
it.
Jasper Hawes, a Northwest Trading Company clerk, established
Jasper's House aka 1801 Fitzhugh Place, aka 1811 Henry's House. It is
noteworthy the Metis and Iroquois traders are in the area since 1790's and were using
the Yellowhead pass. Jasper's first house was located at Brule Lake (Metis
Lake) then moved in 1830 to Devona Siding. Jasper House was not a
significant trading post but an important supply depot for trade to the west
coast via the Athbasca Pass.
Purriche DeLonnie (Pierriche Delorme) is born at White Mud, (Alberta) (White Mud Creek?), the son of Pierre DeLonnie
(Delorme) and Marguerite Cardinal; married, 1835, Fort Pitt (Saskatchewan),
Angele Bourassa, b-1805, Big Lake (St. Albert, Alberta) daughter Michel Francois
Borrassa and Marguerite Beaulieu.
(III)-James Finley Metis (1794-1853/54), of Alberta is at Spokane this year along
with (III)-Jac Rap Finlay and (III)-Bonhomme Finlay all likely the sons (II)-Old
Jacques Raphael (Jacko)
Finlay, Metis (1768-1828) and Indian woman. (III)-Rap Jun Finlay and
(III)-Thorburn Finlay Metis are at Fort
George and also likely the sons (II)-Jacques Raphael (Jacko) Finlay, Metis
(1768-1828) of Alberta. The location of (III)-Miquam Raphael Finlay who was born
Alberta is unknown but he married Agnes Paul daughter Aenas (Big Knife) Iroquois
Paul and Mary Ukupa one hoof..
(I)-William Fleet (1762-1823) employed HBC (1782-1823) assigned New Factory,
Saskatchewan River (1813-1814)
(I)-William Gibson b-1788 employed HBC (1804-1823) assigned Fort Edmonton,
(1813-1823), married Nancy Flett
Etienne Gregoire likely Metis (1791/93-1867) of Maskinonge son Etienne
Gregoire and Marie Savigny employed NWC (1813-1815) posted to
Athabasca River (1813-1814) Columbia Department (1814-1815) & HBC
(1821-1842) Columbia and New Caledonia.
Michel Huneau (Huneauly) joined NWC (1813-1821) Fort Des Prairies aka Fort La
Corne also Fort Edmonton, and his likely brother is Jean Baptiste Huneau joined
NWC (1811-1821 and HBC (1821-1823) joined HBC at Red River.
Joseph Lagarde Metis (1813-1913) born Athabasca and joined HBC
(1844-1852) Columbia District settled Cowlitz Plain (Washington) married Mary
February 25, 1825 Lewis Co., Washington Territory . (II)-Maria Pruden, Metis born 1813 Carlton House
on the Saskatchewan River daughter (I)-Jean Peter Pruden (1778-1868) and Nancy
Cree Indian Woman (1785-1837).
(I)-James Peter Whitford (1766-1818) is at Carlton House (1813-1815) on the
North Saskatchewan River.
Therese Gray, Metis, b-1813, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), daughter, Thomas Gray
and Marie Nipissing; married, 1825, Devil Lake (Lac Ste Anne, Alberta), Charles
Gladu, b-1810 son Francois Gladu, born December 25, 1763 and Josephte Chartrand,
b-1773.
Joseph Ladouceur Metis ,
b-1813, Beaver River (Alberta) married Julie Auger, b-1822 Lac La Biche
(Alberta).
Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), birth Therese Gray, Metis daughter Thomas Gray
and Marie Nipissing
Joseph Pin (1794/95-1841), Sorel, employed by NWC (1813-14) at Fort des Prairies
(Fort Augustus, Edmonton) on the Saskatchewan River at Michillimacinac in
1814, then assigned NorthWest 1815 likely Saskatchewan River, then he crossed
the Rockies (1817-1818) with Joseph Larocque Metis b-1802, (1819-1821) & HBC
(1821-1841) Columbia District, settler Willamette.. Joseph Pin had one
wife and five recorded children. On April 19, 1839, he formalized his marriage
to Marguerite Kwe’he’ssest, Pend d’Oreille. Their children were (II)-Patrick Small Jr., Metis is (1789-1846) employed by NWC (1804-1821) son
(I)-Patrick Small and Cree Woman: Married about 1813 at Fort des Prairies (Fort
Augustus, Edmonton) on the Saskatchewan River, Nancy Hughes, Metis, daughter
James Hughes d-1823 and Indian or Metis woman.
(I)-James Peter Whitford (1766-1818) joined HBC (1788-1812) York Factory
(1812-1813) Red River Settlement then (1813-1815) Carlton House, Saskatchewan
District. Married before 1795 York District Sarah Indian d-1845 Fort Augustus and Edmonton house returned to Rossdale flats from White Earth
River. Floods would drive them up the banks to the lower legislature
grounds.
1814 Jean Baptiste Beaulieu,
b-1814, Lac La Biche (Alberta), married, 1840 Red River Josephite Richard. Lac La Biche des Metis
(Alberta) marriage Jacques Cardinal, Metis b-1798 Moose Mountain, near Fort Pitt
(Alberta/Saskatchewan border) son Joseph
Cardinal b-1756, Quebec, d-1854 and Lizette Maskegan (Rose Cree); married 1814, Lac La Biche
(Alberta), Josephte Tcikak, b-1780.
(I)-Peter Corrigal aka Corrigle Orkney, (1782-1866) employed HBC (1797-1823)
is assigned Edmonton House, Saskatchewan District (1814-1815/19); 1st. married
Christianna an Indian Woman (1751-1851) and they had a son (II)-James Corrigal,
Metis; 2nd marriage Margaret an Indian Woman, (I)-Peter retired Red River 1819. Francois
Decoigne of the N.W.C, is in charge of Rocky Mountain House (Alberta). He
is discharged from the company for taking 2 pieces from the depot and the HBC
are quick to hire him at £100.
Antoine Desjarlais Metis, a former NWC voyageur from Montréal, who married Napitch
Cree, is an early settler of Lac La Biche. He is likely another son
of Joseph Desjarlais Sr. b-1754 and Okemakwe of Machinac
Saskatchewan District, or Moose Lake (Manitoba) birth, (II)-Margaret Dunnet,
Metis , baptized June 5, 1823 Red River daughter (I)-William Dunnet aka Dunnett,
Dennet (1780-1864) employed HBC (1796-1821) and (II)-Sophia Ballendine, Metis,
b-1791: married Jean Baptiste (John) Spence.
Franchere called the post at the west side of the lower end of Brule Lake, Rocky Mountain House and described it as surrounded by steep rocks, inhabited
only by mountain sheep and goats. It was the original site of Jasper House
called after Jasper Hawes aka Howse, who built it as a supply depot to
facilitate traffic through the mountains to the Columbia River posts.
Joseph Decoigne, the founder of Fort D'Isle on the Saskatchewan River, above
Fort George was in charge.
Franchere's party too canoes to a small post called Hunter's Lodge some miles
above the junction of the Pembina and Athabasca Rivers, where a supply of canoes
was kept for the use of the NWC men who went up and down the rivers.
(I)-William Fleet (1762-1823) employed HBC (1782-1823) assigned Edmonton
House, Saskatchewan River (1814-1820) Antoine Wabasca Gladu, Metis, b-1814/17, North
West son Charles Gladu and Marie Marguerite (Madeleine) Ross; married 1838,
Josephte Marie Desjarlais, b-1823, died, February 8, 1849 Red River, (I)-Joseph Howse
(Howes)
(1774-1852) employee HBC (1795-1815) is posted Ile-a-la-Crosse, Saskatchewan
(1814-1815) Joseph Lafournaise
aka Lacarte dit Laboucan (Luboucan ) b-1777/80 Quebec, a voyager is working
for NWC (1814-1815) out of Fort Pelly, Swan River (Saskatchewan). (I)-Robert
Rowland joined HBC (1801-1821) York Factory assigned Edmonton House (1814-1821)
retired to Red River 1821.married 1824 (II)-Elizabeth (Betsy) Fleet (Flett)
Metis daughter (I)-William Fleet (1762-1823) and Isabella a Saskatchewan River Indian
(1775-1845) Fort
Augustus (Edmonton), birth (III)-Helen Small, Metis b-1814 daughter (II)-Patrick Small
Jr., Metis
(1789-1846) and Nancy Hughes, Metis At
Rosedale Flats below Fort Edmonton, between 1814 and 1870, are the graves of 65
people, mostly Metis. Marguerite Trotter b-1798 married a man named Jutras
who worked for the North West Company. This year the Dakota attacked their
canoe and Jutras fled to save his life leaving his wife and child to their
fait. Marguerite survived but her baby and the other N.W.C. men
died. Jutras tried to reunite with his wife later but was rejected. (I)-John
Welsh b-1796 joined HBC (1814-1827) Saskatchewan Department The
Iroquois are reported in the Athabasca Valley this year. Andre Bellanger and
Oliver Roy Lapensee of the NWC (1813-1814) on the North Saskatchewan River hit a
rock and they drowned. They were in a brigade from the Flathead Post (Fort
Connah, Saleesh House) to Fort William. May: Gabriel
Franchere passed Henry House while descended the Athabasca River on his way to
Fort Astoria with a number of NWC men and Pacific Fur Company men, he called it
an Old NWC post having been abandoned 4-5 years earlier. June: Antoine
Desjarlais Metis is a very elusive fellow, we may never know who he was, or they
are? November:
Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), birth, Joseph L'Hyrondelle, Metis son Jacques
L'Hyrondelle (L'Hirondelle) and Josephine Pilon, Metis or Indian; married, 1842 Fort Edmonton,
(Alberta), Marguerite Nepissing, Metis, b-1823, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), daughter Ignace
Nepissing and
Elizabeth Lizette Courteoreille.
1815
Rose (Rosalie) Berger Metis is born Fort Edmonton (Fort Augustus/Meadows ?) daughter Jacques Berger and
Cecile Dumont, Metis, born 1800; married Michel Patenaude Jr. Metis b-1808 Fort Edmonton,
(Fort Augustus/Meadows ?) died 1875 South
Saskatchewan River. Edmonton House, birth (II)-Thomas Bird, Metis b-1815
son (I)-James Bird (1773-1856) and Mary Kelly Swampy Cree Indian; traveled to
Oregon Territory with step brother (II)-Philip Bird b-1818; married 1836
(II)-Ellen McDermot daughter (I)-Andrew McDermot (1783-1881) from Ireland and
native girl. Sophie Collin, Metis, b-1815, Jasper House (Alberta), daughter Richard
Collin, Metis and Genevieve Bruyere, Metis; married October 8, 1845, Fort des
Prairies (Alberta), Jean Baptiste Gladu, b-1807 son Francois Gladu b-1763 and Josephte
Chartrand, b-1773.
(II)-Joseph Cook Metis (1788/93-1848) son (I)-William Hemming Cook
(1766-1846) and unnamed Indian girl d-1821. Joined HBC (1803-1824) inland,
(1815-1816) Athabasca, married (II)-Catherine Sinclair (1798-1881) daughter
(I)-William Sinclair (1766-1846) and Margaret [Nahoway],
Cree or part-Cree Metis Francois Decoigne of H.B.C. built Fort Waterloo near Grouard (Alberta) near
Lesser Slave Lake.
Antoine Dejarlois helped build Fort Waterloo (Lesser Slave Lake, Alberta) and
his brothers Jean Baptiste Dejarlois and Joseph Dejarlois are well established
and known in this area.
Louis Delonie (1797/1800-1852) from Fauxbourg de Quebec son Antoine Delaunais
and Marie Ursule Judith Connaissant, joined HBC (NWC) 1816-1843) Athabasca
(1816-1817), Cumberland 1818, Great Slave Lake 1819, New Caledonia (1822-1824)
Fort Babine (Fort Kilmaus), Wester Caledonia (1824-1828), Columbia (1828-1842)
retired Cowlitz 1843 (I)-Leon Dupuis b-1798 employed HBC (1815-1836) assigned (1822-1826)
Athabasca
Fort Edmonton, birth (II)-David Gibson, Metis, died January 18. 1836,
son (I)-Hugh Gibson (1780-1869) employed HBC (1797-1824) and Indian woman.
Fort Edmonton, birth (II)-John Gibson, Metis, died January 18, 1836, son
(I)-Hugh Gibson (1780-1869) employed HBC (1797-1824) and Indian woman.
Pierre Gladu Sr., b-1815, N.W.T. son Francois Gladu, born December 25, 1763
married about 1797, N.W.T., Josephte Cartrand, b-1773; married Nancy Dease,
born July 26, 1825 N.W.T. daughter John Warren Dease Sr., b-1795 and Genevieve,
b-1797.
Louis Guiboche alias the Pigeon a Metis joined the Hudson Bay Company, he was
considered a 'Wilderness Pathfinder' and an interpreter and served at Fort
Waterloo under (I)-John Lee Lewes (1792-1872) Lesser Slave Lake.
White Hall was built by the H.B.C. near the abandoned Nelson House on the
North Saskatchewan River downstream from Wabamun Creek, and closed in 1817.
Jasper Haws d-1855 joined NWC (1797-1821) took command of Rocky Mountain
Portage House on Bruel Lake built 1813 as a provision depot for brigades crossing
the Athabasca Pass to the Pacific. It became known as Jasper's House and was
provisioned by Indians and Metis and included pack horses. Jasper married
an Iroquois and they had 5 children, three Metis boys and two Metis girls.
Jasper returned to homestead in Hinchinbrooke, Quebec in 1821 until his death in
1855.
British Columbia, marriage, Peter Hogden to Marie (Godin, Demontigny) Comptois,
b-1795, daughter, of a man named Comptois and Suzette Godin. Hogden epouse
Josephte Fagnant, Metis, b-1799: Marie Godin epouse 1820
Jasper House, (Alberta), Antoine Cardinal, Metis, b-1795 son Joseph Cardinal, b-1795
and Rose Cree.
Joseph Lacharite b-1800 Maskinongé, Quebec
Joined NWC (1815-1821) & HBC (1821-1834) Athabasca, Fort Vancouver 1827,
assigned (1830-1834) Montreal to Columbia and Arctic expedition then to
Montreal.
Charles Laviolette (1795-1867) from St. Ours, Lower Canada, is in North West
(1815-1823)
(I)-John Lee Lewes (Lewis) (1792-1872) joined HBC (1807-1852), assigned (1807-1815)
Churchill, Nelson House, Deer's Lake, Cumberland House and Ile-a-la-Crosse;
(1815-1821) Slave Lake and lesser Slave Lake; (1821-1823) Spokane House;
(1823-1828) Moose; (1840-1844) Mackenzie River; (1845-1847) New
Caledonia Hugh Munro (1802-1896) from Montreal joined HBC (1815-1844) Fort Edmonton, a
free man at Fort Edmonton (1823-1832), an interpreter (1832-1844) Fort Edmonton,
retired 1844 on the Saskatchewan River, died on the Blackfoot Reservation, at
Browning, Montana 1896 Alexis Nault Metis b-1815 Ruperts Land or (1822-1867) son Amable Nault and
Marie Josette Lagimodiere b-1810, joined HBC (1838-1857) as a bowsman out of Red
River then became a free trader; this is likely the man who married 1845 Fort
Edmonton Angelique Branbant Metis b-1828 daughter Augustin Brabant and Amgelique
Lucer b-1847 or bapt? Lac Ste Anne (I)-John Park (1768/71-1847) is Assistant trader Fort Edmonton (1815-1822)
(II)-John Rowand (1787-1854) of the NWC is said to have traveled the Carlton Trail
from Red River to the North Saskatchewan River. This trail was also called the
Victoria Trail, Fort Pitt Trail, Battleford Trail, Frog Lake Trail, Edmonton
Trail and other names suggesting a destination.
(I)-Andrew Setter (1779-1870) joined HBC (1800-1823) York Factory, assigned
(1815-1816 Paint River, Saskatchewan District, assigned (1816-1818) Fort
Edmonton then to Red River where he formalized his country married 1816 North
West or 1821 Beaver Creek Margaret (Peggy) (Spence) b-1790 born North West an
English Metis, daughter (I)-James Spence (1754-1795) and Nostisho (Nestichio)
Metis daughter Issac Batt; Alexander Stewart (1780-1840) NWC (1796-1821) HBC (1821-1833) at Fort des
Prairies 1806 and Lesser Slave Lake, Athabasca River working the area until
1813. Assigned as partner to Columbia District (1813-1815) Fort George,
Spokane, Fort Astoria, Okanagan. Back to Lesser Slave Lake (1815-1821) (II)-John Turner Metis b-1782
possible son (I)-John Turnor (Turner) (1751-1799) and Indian woman, joined HBC
(1802-1831) (1811-1812) assistant trader and interpreter on the Saskatchewan and
1815-1831) Red Deers and Swan Rivers, settler Pas near Cumberland.
(II)-James Whitman Jr Metis b-1796 is at Fort Edmonton 1815-1816
At Belly River, a Cree and Assiniboine party
attacked a camp of Blood and Sarcee, killing four men and a woman.
Belly River is believed to have got its name from the Gros Ventres who lived in
the vacinity.
The Thomas Thomas of H.B.C. built Beran's House on the Athabasca River at the
mouth of the Calumet Creek.
John Clarke led one hundred Hudson's Bay Company men to Potato Island and
built Fort Wedderburn. They ran out of food and John McGillvary, chief factor of
the North West Company at Fort Chipewyan a mile away, refused help. Clarke and
fifty men went to Fort Vermilion. At Loon River, sixteen men turned back;
however only
three reached Fort Wedderburn. Others say Fort Wedderburn was built in
1788?
During 1815 & 1817, two attempts of the Hudson's Bay Company to establish
themselves on the Peace River were turned back by the rival company, with a loss
of life to the HBCo of seventeen men and a large amount of trade goods.
1816
(I)-James Bird aka James Curtis (1773-1856) employed HBC (1788-1824) is
posted Carlton House as Chief of Saskatchewan District (1816-1817).
Pierre Bostonais (Hatisinato), dit Tete Jaune d-1827 (meaning yellow head
for his yellow hair) an Iroquois
Metis became a free guide and scout. He obviously explored the passes over
the Stony Mountains (Rocky Mountains). The Yellow Head Pass and Yellow Head Highway was named after him.
He and his brother Jean Baptiste Bostonais Metis likely explored the Columbia
district because he provided a map of the district to Colin Robertson in
1819. Little is know about his wife and family but in September 1827,
Tête Jaune, his family and children, as well as his brother and his family,
were all killed by a party of natives near the mouth of the Finlay River.
One son died earlier in 1805 at St. Crois (Minnesota).
Olivier Bouchard aka Oliver or Jean Baptiste, (1794-1850) likely employed with NWC
(1816-1821), likely Fort Chipewan, Athabasca District, came from Montreal as Company boatman in 1818 and listed as
Canadian Servant, employed HBC (1821-1842) worked Athabasca (1821-1826) then to
Columbia District (1826-1842) then settled Cowlitz, married Charles Brisbois (1798-1847) son Michel Brisbois and Domitelle Gaultier de
Verville of Praire du Chien (Wisconsin) joined NWC 1816 with uncle Henry M.
Fisher Senior and Charles is in the Columbia District (1820-1821).
HBC (1821-1842) in the Athabasca, Mackenzie, and Cumberland Districts.
Charles Brisbois had one wife Ann three sons and four daughters. Their
children were Jane Howse, Metis b-1816 Saskatchewan living
Lakeland eastern Alberta 1891. Angelique Cardinal, Metis, b-1816, most likely
Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta) daughter, Jacques Cardinal, Metis b-1798 and Josephte
Tcikak, b-1780; married September 17, 1832 Red River Joseph Bottineau, b-1810
son Charles Joseph Bottineau, born May 1, 1776, Berthier Enhaut, Quebec and
Margaret (aka Marthe Clear Sky) Adik Songab.
(II)-James Curtis Bird (1773-1856) Metis son (I)-James Bird aka James
Curtis and Elizabeth; married at Cumberland House, (Elizabeth Oo-menahomiski) is transferred to Carlton
House on the North Saskatchewan River, and in 1817, when her husband is made Acting Governor of Rupert's Land until
1818.
Louis Delonie b-1800 Quebec, employed HBC (1816-1842), assigned Athabasca,
Cumberland and Great Slave Lake area (1816-1822)
Joseph Desautels dit Lapointe likely son Basile Desautels did Lapointe and
Catherine Henry; joined NWC (1801-1804) assigned Fort Dauphin (1815-1821)
Athabasca, HBC (1821-1823) Athabasca
Joseph Frederick Despard of Yamaska, Lower Canada, employed NWC (1816-1821)
English River.
Paul Niyawekanis Durand, Metis, b-1796 Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la
Montagne de Roches, married 1816,
Fort Edmonton, (Fort Augustus/Meadows ?) Marie Ahskekahmuahtaht, 2nd marriage 1846 Fort Pitt,
Saskatchewan, Kewtchit.
George Donald (McDonald?), Metis b-1816 N.W.T. married to Elizabeth Metis b-1834 N.W.T.,
living Fort Edmonton 1891.
(I)-Donald McDonald (MacDonald-Big Donald) born between 1781 to 1796 most
likely 1792, d-1876, HBC (1813-1834) York to 1816, Edmonton house (1816-1834)
Fort Carlton (1818-1820), retired to Red River 1834, married 1840 Red River Jean
Boodry (Beaudry) Metis (III)-Nicholas Finlay, Metis, b-1816 Alberta married Suzette (Josephte) b-1819 Oregon
Territory daughter Cayuse and Palouse.
Jean Baptiste Francour b-1797 Yamaska, Quebec, employed NWC (1816-1821)
assigned Fort des Praires, joined HBC (1821-1832) on the Saskatchewan until
1822, assigned Athabasca (1822-1824), then Fort Simpson MacKenzier River.
His brother Joseph Francour was at Slave Lake in 1821, both returned to Quebec.
(I)-James Grieve Sr. (1797-1875) Orkney, employed Northern District
(1816-1821) and Columbia district (1824-1825)
(II)-Richard Grant (1793/94-1862) son (I)-William Grant in
Michilimackinac 1761 went from Detroit to Red River 1790's and
Margaret Laframboise; employed HBC (1816-1850) is assigned Rocky Mountain House (1816-1821) ,
Fort Edmonton (1822-1823) (1823-1827) York Factory, Saskatchewan District
to 1836 back to York (1837-1840) and (1841-1850) Columbia District. Richard Grant had two successive wives and
eight children. Retired Fort Hall then moved to Hellgate, Idaho where he died Joseph Lamprant b-1798 joined NWC (1816-1821) Athabasca HBC (1821-1830) Fort
Vermilion Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), birth, Jean Baptiste L'Hyrondelle, Metis
b-1816/18, son Jacques
L'Hyrondelle (L'Hirondelle) Metis and Josephine Pilon, Metis or Indian; married, 1845, Lesser Slave Lake
(Alberta), (VI)-Catherine Loyer, Metis, born August, 1828, Jasper House (Alberta),
d-1895, daughter (V)-Louis Loyer and 1st wife Jennie Metis, Louis Loyer 2n'd marriage before
1840 Isabelle Gray, Metis (daughter Thomas Gray & Marie Nipissing.
(II)-Joseph Klyne Metis (1816-1849) son (I)-Michel Klyne b-1781, a Dutchman
from Red River and Susan Lafrance Metis b-1790. Joseph grew up in Jasper
House and was hired by HBC 1828 and listed as a native apprentice. It is
noteworthy that his sister (II)-Jane Klyne Metis b-1810 Red River married 1825
Fort George, Columbia District, (I)-Archibald McDonald (1790-1853).
Joseph Laverduke (Laverdure) Metis born NWT joined NWC (1816-1817) & HBC
(1818-1837) Athabasca, Saskatchewan, Norway House and Lac La Plue.
(I)-John George McTavish employed NWC (1798-1821) is assigned to Athabaska
(1816-1818) where he likely married his 1st wife (II)-Charlotte Thomas, Metis, daughter
(I)-John Thomas (1772-1859); (not true likely married Fort St. Andrews, James
Bay, (1803-1806, he abandoned her), his 2nd wife was (II)-Nancy McKenzie, Metis
likely married (1812-1816) Columbia District, daughter Roderick
MacKenzie (1772-1859) and an Indian woman, his 3rd wife married 1841, Catherine
Turner, 2 children, 4th wife married 1843, Elizabeth Caneron, two
children. He likely had 5 children during his assignment Fort Dunvegan
(1808-1809) and this assignment (1816-1818) with Nancy McKenzie. (I)-Robert McVicar (1794-1864) brother (I)-Walter McVicar, working Athabasca
District (1820-1823) Robert employed HBC (1812-1830) assigned to Great
Slave Lake and Fort Wedderburn, Athabasca (1816-1819), married Christina
McBeath. (II)-Pierre Cyrysologue Pambrun
(1792/93-1841) born I Islet, Quebec burried Walla Walla, son (I)- Andrew Dominique Pambrun
(1744-1835) (son Dominique and Jeanne Adelaid Lindenbrun) and
Angelique Hyracque from L'Islet, Quebec; joined HBC (1815-1841) after serving in war of
1812 he may have worked NWC??. He
survived the 7 Oaks attack at Red River Settlement. Went to Montreal in
1817 to g ive evidence and London 1818 to give evidence. He was in
Athabasca in 1816. (1819-1820) back in Hudson Bay. (1820-1821)
Cumberland House, (1821-1822) York Factory, (1822-1823) Bow River expedition,
1823 Fort Edmonton, (1823-1830) Lesser Slave Lake, Smoky River, Fort Kilmaurs,
Babine. (1825-1841) New Caledonia and Columbia District. He had
three wives the first being native women and children not identified ; 3rd wife
married 1821, churched December 8, 1838 Fort Vancouver Catherine
(Kitty) Horteuse Umfreville Metis daughter Thomas Umfreville and Anne Turner
Cree/Metis (1805-1886) pf York Factory. Joseph Salois family is complex
therefore I will not change the other postings in case I made an error in trying
to understand all the various records.
Joseph Vivina (Virna), Metis, b-1816, Red River and both his parents were born in Red River
which would be about 1796. He married Mary On Metis b-1821 N.W.T., living Fort
Edmonton 1891 & 1901.
Pope Pius VIII forbade the use of torture
in the tribunals of the inquisition, though it would continue for twenty
years. The practice of torture existed for six centuries and eighty
Popes, in a line, supported the practice or remained silent.
July: George Keith of the NWCo. in a letter states: - "This year
(1816) we have ample reinforcements (for Athabasca) of men and goods and Mr.
McLeod (Archibald Norman who joined NWC 1796) has been clothed with the title of Superintendent and
we hope to drive the HBCo. out of Athabasca again." At the same time a
letter from the factor at Fort des Praires (Edmonton) to John McTavish states: -
"Mr. McLeod is to winter in Athabasca. He will be of service for, you know,
il peut faire le grand, and that is important among the Indians, especially
a stout man, a red coat and a long sword.
1817
Pierre Birard is born Fort Carlton on the North Saskatchewan River. son Pierre
Birard and Josephine Pincau.
Joseph Bouvier Metis (1817/23-1877) born English River or Isle a la Crosse
son Jean Baptiste (1784-1838) and Marguerite Laraute Metis, married Catherine
Beaulieu Metis daughter Frances Beaulieu Metis (1771-1872). Oliver (Jean Baptiste) Boucher Metis (1795-1850) from La Prairie, Quebec
employed HBC (1817-1843) first 2 years Fort Chipewyan, Assinabasca then on to
Columbia district.
Ross Cox who passed down the Saskatchewan River with a brigade of over 80
people of the Pacific Fur Company from Fort Astoria on the Pacific says Henry's
Old Fort was abandoned and that Jasper House was a miserable concern of rough
logs with only three apartments, but scrupulously clean. Jasper Hawes
himself was now in charge. Later Jasper house was built farther up the
river at the foot of Jasper Lake.
Ile-a-la-Crosse, Saskatchewan River marriage (I)-Patrick Cunningham (1789/94-1831) Ireland,
employed HBC (1812-1831) to (II)-Mary (Anne) Bruce, Metis, (1794-1859) daughter
(I)-Benjamin Bruce (1771-1823) and Indian or Metis woman. Francois Decoigne formally of the N.W.C, is master of the HBC Athabasca
District at £300.
Dominique Fannons (1797-1860) employed NWC Athabasca (1817-1818), HBC Bow
River and South Saskatchewan River (1818-1825). HBC Caldonia, Fort Vancouver
(1825, 1843, settled Cowlitz 1842. (II)-William Flett Metis bapt 1824
(LIKELY)? son (I)-William Flett (1762-1823) and Isabella Saskatchewan Indian
girl (1775-1845); joined HBC (1842 or 1862-1882) Fort Pitt, Saskatchewan then in
1868 Red River. died in Toronto 1882; married Nancy Clouston likely related to
(I)-Robert Clouston b-1832 or (1821-1858) or to one of his siblings maybe
Margaret?? The family will have to sort this one out. (II)-Jean Baptiste Klyne, Metis b-1817 NWT son (I)-Michel Klyne, b-1781, Canada married
about 1807, Suzanne Lafrance, Metis, b-1790 North West Territories.
Joseph Lafournaise aka Lacarte dit Laboucan (Luboucan ) b-1777/80 Quebec, a
voyager is working NWC out of Fort Des Prairies most likely on the Saskatchewan
near Fort Edmonton or could be Fort Corne? Francois
Lemire, Metis, b-1817, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta) son Pierce Lemire and Marie
Blackfoot; married, 1853, Lac Saint Anne (Alberta), Susanne Boucher, Metis, b-1830
Devil Lake (Lac Ste Anne, Alberta) daughter Joseph Boucher and Marguerite
Dupuis, Metis b-1802. (I)-Francois Heron (1794-1840) Irish, Joined HBC
(1812-1839) York Factory, assigned Cumberland, then Edmonton House (1817-1821),
on Bow River 1822-23), MacKenzie River 1823, Red River (1824-1829), Columbia
(1829-1835). Had a least three wives, a wife in Londonderry, married 1835
Red River Isabella Chalifoux and Josephte Clark dit Boucher. Some or all
of the children are likely Metis John Lee Lewas re-established Fort Waterloo at the
east end of Lesser Slave Lake having been destroyed by the NWC.
Jean Baptiste L'Hirondelle, Metis b-1817 Lesser Slave Lake son Jacques
L'Hirondelle Metis NWC since 1804 and Josette Pilon, Metris or Indian from
Athabasca: Jean joined HBC (1841-1855) on a part time basis Francois
Macredi b-1798/1799, Maskinoge, Quebec employed NWC/HBC (1817-1852) in the
Athabasca and Mackenzie River Districts out of Fort Chipewyan and Fort
Resolution. He retired to Red River 1852.. (II)-Roderick
McKenzie Jr. (1791-1830), employed HBC (1811-1830) son (I)-Roderick MacKenzie Sr.
(1772-1859) employed NWC (1804-1821), HBC (1821-1852); married about 1817,
likely Fort Wedderborn aka Fort Chipewyan, Athabasca Department, (II)-Sally
Sutherland, Metis daughter of (I)-James Sutherland (1778-1844) and Indian
Woman. (II)-Roderick was in the Athabasca Department (1813-1818) Athabaska,
birth (II)-Mary McKenzie, Metis daughter (I)-John George McTavish employed NWC
(1798-1821) and his 2nd wife (II)-Nancy McKenzie, Metis daughter Roderick
MacKenzie (1772-1859) and an Indian woman. Thomas Petit Metis b-1797
Yamaska joined NWC (1817-1827) Ile-a-La Crosse (Saskatchewan), Lac La
Pluie, Athabasca, (1828-1830) Columbia District (1830-1832) Saskatchewan River
then (1832-1835) Lac La Pluie, retired Red River. Married 1825
Ile-a-la- Crosse Jeune Vieve Cadotte, adopted daughter Laurent Cadotte
Between
1817-1820 a large number of Metis and Indian settlers of Lesser Slave Lake
relocated to Lac La Biche (Alberta).
The North West Company built a trading post at Dog Rump Creek, that flows
from Dog Lake in what is called Stony Plain by 1892. Dog Rump Creek House
was built on the North Saskatchewan River at the mouth of the Atimoswe
Creek. The term Stony Plain
was an area west of the future city of Edmonton named after the Stony Indians who resided in
the area since the early 1700's. The H.B.C. built a adjoining post this
same year and both were abandoned 1822.
In the final stage of open war between the two fur trading companies on Lake
Athabasca, Fort Wedderburn fell. The North West Company held John Clarke
hostage.
October 15: John Lee Lewas wintered Red Deers Lake (Lac La Biche,
Alberta).
1818 (I)-John James Bell Sr. (1799-1863)
Joined NWC (1818-1824) and HBC (1821-1824) Mackenzie River, married Chenalis
Woman Francois Benoit b-1795 likely son Francois Benoit
dit married 1810 Detroit Angelique Chagnon, employed (NWC
1818-1821); and assumed Athabasca? HBC (1825-1828) Athanasca District.
Could be the Francois Benoit d-827 married 1794 Marianne Dugay b-1772, working
for McTavish, Frobisher & Co. 1802? Edouard Berland, Metis, b-1819 son Jean Baptiste
Berland and Susanne McLeod Nepissing; married 1836 Lac Ste Anne Genevieve
Moignon (I)-James Bird aka James Curtis (1773-1856) employed HBC (1788-1824)
is posted Cumberland House as Chief of Saskatchewan District (1818-1820). Carlton
House, North Saskatchewan River, birth (II)-Phillip Bird, Metis son (I)-James
Bird (1773-1856) and Elizabeth Oo-menahomiski; He traveled to Oregon territory,
1854 married (II)-Mary Fidler Metis (II)-John Patrick Cunningham Metis (1818-1870) son
(I)-Patrick Cunningham (1789/94-1831) and (II)-Nancy Anne Bruce Metis (1794-1859);
joined HBC (1833-1868) and Saskatchewan District (1835-1868) was in
Columbia District 1841 (II)-John
Patrick Cunningham Metis born Feb 16, 1818, IIe a
La Crosse, Saskatchewan District d-1870 Paint Creek (Edmonton, Alberta area)
son (I)-Patrick Cunningham (1789/94-1831) Ireland, and (II)-Mary (Anne) Bruce,
Metis, (1794-1859). John joined HBC (1833-1868)-Saskatchewan and Athabasca
Districts (1834-1836) Columbia District in 1841,
John Patrick Cunningham had three successive wives and twelve recorded children.
On 1837 married Jane Work Metis and on child, On February 28, 1841, he married Margaret Mondion of Saskatchewan at Rocky
Mountain House. It appears that they had no children. Margaret may have died, as
four and a half years later on September 15, 1846 at Lake St. Anne, he married
Rosalie L’Hirondelle. Alexis Bonamis (Bonamie) dit L'Esperance
Metis? b-1798 Sorel, Quebec died 1890 son Pierre Lesperance (L'Esperance alias Magnon) and
Marguerite Auchin joined HBC 1816-1870) Fort Edmonton, birth (II)-James Gibson, Metis, died April 19, 1838, son
(I)-Hugh Gibson (1780-1869) employed HBC (1797-1824) and Indian woman. Edouard
Gibeault b-1798 Berthier, Quebec employed HBC (1818-1852) in the Saskatchewan District all his career. The
following people are likely related; Francois Lucier Jr (1796-1866) listed as a sauvage of the country,
employed NWC (1818-1821) at Fort des Prairies and HBC 1821-1867 on the
Saskatchewan River. (I)-James McKay b-1797 joined HBC (1818-1833) Fort
Edmonton, 1833-1834 expedition to Arctic settled Red River 1840. (I)-Murdoch McPherson (1795-1863) employed NWC (1816-1821) is
assigned to Athabaska (1818-1821). When NWC was taken over by HBC he
served (1821-1849) mostly in Mackenzie River. In (1841-1844) he was Chief
trader Tadoussac. He married Jean Smith, b-1805 a Metis, daughter Edward
Smith d-1849 of Athabasca; and had four children Colin Robertson became factor at Fort
Wedderburn.
(I)-Robert Seaborn Miles Sr. (1795-1870) is assigned to Athabasca District
(1818-1821) at forts Wedderburn, and St Mary's. see Metis 1818 for
list of children. Julie Parisien, Metis, b-1818 Fort Edmonton (Alberta), daughter, Jean Baptiste Parisier (Parisien)
and Susanne a Stony; married Antoine Houle. Michel Normand, Metis
b-1818 Saskatchewan, baptized 1821 Red River son Michel Normand b-1781 and
Francoise Belanger b-1790; married to Rose Laplante b-1825 Red River, living St.
Albert, Alberta 1901. Fort Augustus (Edmonton), birth (III)-Nancy Small, Metis
b-1818, daughter (II)-Patrick Small, Metis (1789-1846) and Nancy Hughes Metis (I)-James Taylor (4) (ID # 4639) born 1798 Orkney, Scotland,
joined HBC (1817-1826) (II)-James Whitman Jr Metis b-1796 is at Carlton House (1818-1819) on the
North Saskatchewan River. H.B.C. built St. Mary's House near the confluence of
the Smoky and Peace Rivers. It was moved to the north side of the river in
1819 and relocated in 1820 opposite the present town of Peace River and
abandoned in 1821.
February 16: Lac La Pluie, Saskatchewan District, birth (II)-John Cunningham,
Metis, (1818-1870 son
(I)-Patrick Cunningham (1789/94-1831) Ireland, employed HBC (1812-1831) and
(II)-Mary (Anne) Bruce, Metis (1794-1859) April: Athabasca Department, birth (III)-Annabella (Arabella),
Metis, baptized August 12, 1821 daughter (II)-Roderick McKenzie Jr. (1791-1830),
and (II)-Sally Sutherland, Metis daughter of (I)-James Sutherland (1778-1844)
and Indian Woman. (I)-John Work aka Wark (1792-1861) an Irishman, from
Orkney joined HBC (1814-1861) assigned Severn and Island Lake Districts
(1818-1823); assigned Columbia District 1823. Two children were baptized
August 27, 1826 by a native woman from Red River.
Pierre Bostonais (Bostonnais) dit Tete Jaunes, d-1827 an Iroquois Metis with yellow hair
guided Jose Gaubin b-1800 of the NWC (1818-1821) to Rocky Mountain house and into the Rocky Mountains.
Hypolite Brissette b-1792 Montreal, employed HBC (1818-1837) at Great Slave
Lake 1819 and Athabasca 1820.
Antoine Cataphaar (1795-1840) employed HBC (1817-1840) assigned out of
Montreal to Athabasca District.
(I)-Patrick Corcoran aka Cochrane, and Cochran, b-1787 Ireland, came to York
Factory as a Red River Settler (1811-1812), found his way to Montreal, joined
HBC, traveled to Athabasca (1819-1822) worked Fort Wedderburn, Athabasca
District (1820-1822). Brother (I)-John Corcoran d-1827, (I)-Thomas
Corcoran (1794-1865), (I)-Richard Corcoran, (I)-Edward Corcoran. Married
by 1826, Rawdon, no name given for wife and child.
Dominique Fannons (1797-1860) employed NWC Athabasca (1817-1818), HBC Bow
River and South Saskatchewan River (1818-1825). HBC Caldonia, Fort Vancouver
(1825, 1843, settled Cowlitz 1842.
Bella Gauthier, Metis b-1819 N.W.T., living
Spruce Grove, Alberta 1901.
Birth Fort Edmonton Joseph Ladouceur Jr. Metis, son Joseph Ladouceur
b-1777/80
and Josephte Cardinal Metis b-1800; married Julie Auger Metis b-1822 Lac La
Biche
Joseph Sebastien Larocque Metis b-1802 likely son Augustin Larocque
(1770-1846) and Agatha Indian; joined NWC (1819-1821) to work the Northwest
and HBC (1821-1825) to work Athabasca and Lesser Slave Lake. HBC
(1826-1846) to work Columbia District and settled Willamette 1846. On May
20, 1845 at St. Paul, Oregon, he formalized his marriage to Marie Anne, Flathead
(Cayuse) b-1818. Their recorded children were Edith Lloyd b-1819 N.W.T., census 1891 Edmonton.
(I)-Allen McDonell (1778-1859) joined XY Company and NWC (1804-1821) Fort
Dauphin, (1819-1820) Carlton House; HBC (1821-1852). Married Margaret a
native girl baptized 1833 (I)-Robert McVicar (1794-1864) employed HBC (1812-1830) assigned to Fort
Resolution (1819-1823)
Andrew Mowa, Metis b-1819 N.W.T. married about
1860 N.W.T. Isabel Metis b-1833 N.W.T, living Fort Edmonton 1891. (II)-Cornelious
Pruden, Metis born 1819 Carlton House on the Saskatchewan River son (I)-Jean
Peter Pruden (1778-1868) and Nancy Cree Indian Woman (1785-1837). Vincent Roy
Jr. b-1795 Metis likely from La Pointe (Wisconsin) NWC (1819-1821) Athabasca HBC
(1822-1833) Lac La Plue, son Vincenr Roy Sr., b-1764/65 joined
NWC Fond du Lac, Jr retired 1833 likely La Pointe
(Wisconsin).
Antoine Savard, Metis b-1819 Alberta, married
about 1867 Alberta, Marguerite Metis b-1820 Athabasca. living Alberta 1868,
Athabasca 1877, Egg Lake, Alberta 1901.
Josephte (Suzette) Savard, b-1819, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta) daughter
Antoine Savard and Marie Vallee.
Doctor William Todd of the Hudson's Bay Company arrived at Fort
Wedderburn and became the first physican to practice in Alberta.
Hudson Bay Company records indicate seven
North West Company posts on the North Saskatchewan River and three Hudson
Bay Company posts, namely, Hudson House, near the forks of the north and
south Saskatchewan Rivers, Fort George, to the West, and Fort Augustus in
Edmonton. Also recorded at this time are five North West Company
posts in British Columbia and four North West Company posts north of Slave
Lake. There is no Hudson Bay Company post in these regions.
HBC established Harrison's House in Fond Du Lac area, of the Athabasca
putting George P. Andries a former NWC man in charge. The intent is to
trade with the Chippewa's.
Fort Resolution HBC is established at the mouth of the Slave River south of
Fort Fitzerald aka Smith Landing named after Donald Smith which is 25 km from
Fort Smith and 200 km north Chipewyan.
A measles epidemic hit the Edmonton (Alberta) area this year and next year and wiped
out a third of the Blackfoot and Gros-Ventre peoples.
It is believed the Old Fort Augustus and New Edmonton house is occupied this
year. It is known that Fort Edmonton was rebuilt this year by the H.B.C.
the HBC being absence from this area since the Indian rebellion of 1807.
Three years of currency inflation caused by the federally chartered Second
Bank of the United States caused the economy to fall apart.
The Freeman (Metis) of French and Iroquois origin numbered 23 men, 16 women
and 58 children are settled at Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta).
December: Colin Robertson at Fort St. Mary recorded that Tete Jaune
alias Pierre Bostonais d-1827 had provided him with a map of that country across
the Rocky Mountains. Pierre Bostonais (Bostonnais) dit Tete Jaunes, d-1827 an Iroquois Metis with yellow hair
guided a HBC party from Rocky Mountain house and into the Rocky Mountains to
trade with the Secwepemc (Shuswap).
December 25: Fort des Prairies (Edmonton, Alberta), birth Josette (Latour)
Montour, married Antoine Bruse, born July 18, 1810 N.W. son Pierre Bruce and
Marguerite Durocher.
1820
Michel Allery (Allerie-Allary), Metis Sr. b-1765 N.W.T.joined HBC
(1820-1823) Athabasca and Edmonton (1821-1822), likely NWC much earlier in
1790's married 1793 Francoise Cree. Victor Poisson Blanc Attekamek, Metis b-1820 Fort Edmonton (Alberta), son of a man
named Poisson Blanc, a Canadian and Assonikekun, a Metis; married October 5, 1863,
St. Albert, Catherine Durand aka Dumont, Metis, b-1823 Mountain Fort, daughter, Paul Niyawekanis Durand, Metis
b-1796, Rocky Mountain House (Alberta) and Marie Ahskekahmuahtaht.
Jean Baptiste Belcourt Sr.Metis , b-1820 (Alberta), son Joseph Belcour, Metis
d-1863 and
Catherine L'Hyrondelle, Metis b-1793, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta); married, 1836, Lac Ste Anne,
(Alberta), Cecile
Calliho, L'Iroquoise, b-1834, Peace River (Alberta), daughter, Louis Kwarakwentha Callihoo
L'Iroquoise, born October 17, 1872, Quebec and Marie Tekanise Patenaude
(1803-1854).
(II)-James Bird Jr. (1783-1892) of H.B.C. built White Mud Post on the North Saskatchewan River
at the mouth of the White Mud River. This may have been Wabamun
Creek. It was abandoned in 1821.
Louis (Isidor?) Bohemier (Bohemie, Boimer, Bohema) bapt 1786 St/ Henri de
Mascouche son Jean Marie Bohemir and Marie Beauchamp, d-1822, joined HBC
(1819-1822) in Athabasca (1820-1822). Pierre Bostonais, d-1827 a yellow haired Iroquois Metis guided a H.B.C. party over
the Rocky Mountains and returned the end of October the same year. His
brother Jean Baptiste Bostonais also a Iroquois Metis joined his brother in
guiding. Pierre was nicknamed "Tete Jaune" meaning Yellowhead
because of his light-colored hair. The mountain pass that has been in use
for about 30 years was named Yellowhead Pass. This year he guided Ignace
Giasson to Rocky Mountain house and on into the Rocky Mountains to trade
Jean Marie Boucher (Bouche), Metis, (1797-1870) employed NWC (1820-1821),
Athabasca,
employed HBC (1821-1836) is assigned New Caledonia (1824-1825), he deserted in
summer of 1825, was brought before the Northern Council, and posted Fort
Churchill, York District, retired Red River, two marriages, Augustin Bradant, Metis, married 1820, Fort Edmonton (Alberta), Angelique Lucier,
Metis, b-1800, daughter Joseph Wa Wa Lucier and Snake Woman. Angelique
epouse Joseph Salos 1828.
Augustine Carriere b-1790 Montreal joined NWC (1820-1821) Athabasca and HBC
(1821-1827) but in 1825 assigned to Norway House.
August 28: Ile-a-la-Corosse, birth (II)-Edward Cunningham, Metis, son
(I)-Patrick Cunningham (1789/94-1831) Ireland, employed HBC (1812-1831) and
(II)-Mary (Anne) Bruce, Metis (1794-1859)
Jean Baptiste Derosier (Desrosiers) b-1797 Riviere du Loop, Quebec employed
NWC (1820-1821) HBC (1821-1842) in Athabasca, Mackenzie River son Jean Baptiste Derosier and Susanne
(Belgrade); retired to Red River in 1842 and married Marie Vandal, Metis
b-1825/26 daughter Joseph Vandal (Vandalle) (1798-1877) and Marie (Lachevrotiere
dit Chaurette) Metis b-1805 (I)-William Fleet (1762-1823) employed HBC (1782-1823) assigned Action
House, Saskatchewan River (1820-1821)
Captain John Franklin stopped in Fort Chipewyan for four months on his way
to the Arctic. Edouard Gilbault dit Guiboche (Gilbert) b-1798 Berthier, Quebec
joined NWC (1820-1821) Athabasca and HBC (1821-1853) Saskatchewan District, out
of Fort Carlton, married Marie Anne Rocque Metis b-1795 NWT daughter Joseph
Rocque Metis b-1782 and Therese Assinboine Francois Hoole, Metis, (1798-1885) born Red River, employed NWC (1819-1821) and HBC
(1821-1885) Athabasca and Mackenzie River Districts.
William Johnstone joined NWC (1820-1821) & HBC (1821-1822) Athabasca
Ftancois Lariviere b-1797 from L'Asomption joined NWC?/ HBC (1820-1835)
Athabasca and McKenzie River
Joseph Plomondo from Montreal is in Athabasca this year but not in ledgers.
(I)-George Simpson (1787/92-1860), and later 1821 Governor of the Hudson's Bay
Company, replaced
Colin Robertson at Fort Wedderburn, Athabasca established in 1815 by John Clarke
HBC. (I)-James Whiteway of Fort Edmonton was assigned to Kootenae House to
encourage the Indians to stop trading with NWC and trade with HBC at Rocky
Mountain House, he returned to Fort Edmonton December 1820. During the season of 1820-1821 the
Hudson Bay Company only had three stations on the Saskatchewan River; Edmonton,
Carlton and Cumberland. The North West Company had Augustus (Edmonton),
Rocky Mountain House, and Cumberland. Please remember Jasper House is not
on the Saskatchewan River.
Jasper House, marriage, Antoine Cardinal, Metis, b-1795 son Joseph Cardinal,
soldat, b-1756, Quebec, died, 1854, Lac La Biche (Alberta) and Rose Cree b-1794/95 or
Lizette Maskegan; married Marie (Godin) Demontigny Comptois
b-1795, daughter man named Comptois and Suzette Godin; Marie epouse, 1815 B.C., Peter
Hodgen.
Jasper House, birth Michel Cardinal, Metis, b-1820 son Antoine Cardinal,
Metis, b-1795 and Marie (Godin) Demontigny Comptois b-1795, Marie epouse 1815
B.C. Peter Hogden; married Marie Waniyandre daughter Louise Ignace Waniyandre.
Antoine alias Wabamun Desjarlais, Metis, b-1820, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta)
son Antoine Desjarlais and Napitch Cree; married 1850, Lac Ste Anne (Alberta)
Marie Julie or Catherine Kakatow Cree, b-1834, Pidgeon Lake (Alberta) died 1877
Lac Ste Anne (Alberta).
Francois Dumont, Metis b-1820 Alberta married
Nancy Metis b-1835 Alberta living Duhamel, Alberta 1901. (I)-Thomas Firth
b-1796/99 employed HBC (1815-1834) assigned Edmonton House (1820-1821) and
Saskatchewan District (1821-1834), he married Elizabeth a native woman while
working the Saskatchewan, likely 1830. They retired Red River. Fort Edmonton, birth (II)-David Gibson, Metis, died February 5, 1833, son
(I)-Hugh Gibson (1780-1869) employed HBC (1797-1824) and Indian woman.
Charles Glaudo, Metis reported Thomas Gray, Metis died at White Fish Lake and
they were bad of the measles.
Antoine Godin, Metis also born Fort Edmonton
is the son of Godin and Josephine Cree Woman.
Piyetuwaham Godin, Metis, b-1820, Beaver Hills (Alberta), died October 1870
son Godin a French Canadian and a native woman; married Sophie a Metis.
Jasper House, birth, Isabelkle Karaconti, Metis, b-1820 Jasper House, died
1888 Jasper House daughter Ignace Karacont L'Iroquoise, (1880-1890) and Anne of
the Sekanaise tribe (Montiagnais nation) Sekana; married Jean Baptiste Waniyande,
Metis, died 1876, son Louis Ignace Waniyande Sr.,
and Marie Walker:
Louise Ladouceur, b-1820, Lac La Biche (Alberta), married September 14, 1842,
Fort des Prairie (Fort Edmonton, Alberta), Joseph Nabestiwayan Beaudry Metis
(1809-1881) son
Joseph Beaudry dit Gaudry (1780-1863) and Suzanne Latour (Karorwaste) b-1819
could be bapt or two different wives?.
Birth, Fort Edmonton Augustin Ladouceur, Metis, son Joseph Ladouceur b-1780
and Indian woman.
Alexis L'Hyrondelle, Metis b-1820, most likely Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta) son Jacques
L'Hyrondelle (L'Hirondelle) Metis and Josephine Pilon, Metis or Indian; married Josephte Amyotte
(I)-John McDonell (1782-1834) of NWC (1801-1821) is posted (1820-1821) St. John's,
Athabasca. HBC (1821-1831) New Caledonia and (1831-1834 Great Slave
Lake. A wife Mary native from Norway House is listed as "a woman supported"
in 1823, returned to her family in Norway House, 1835 and one Metis boy under 7
years in 1824-1825.
(I)-John Park (1768/71-1847) married 1820, Country style, likely Fort
Edmonton, Margaret Metisse, b-1796, died February 19, 1853, Red River, churched
June 5, 1823 Red River.. One child was born Fort Edmonton (II)-Margaret
Park, Metis, b-1821, the other 5 children born Red River.
Mary Le Roc Metis b-1820, Alberta living Wetaskiwan, Alberta 1901.
Jean
Baptiste Moreau, Metis b-1820, Fort Edmonton (Alberta) daughter Jean
Baptiste Moreau French Canadian and Charlotte Lafeville aka (LaFeuille - Gariepy
- Vallie - Vallee etc.) Metis.
Simon Plamondon (1792/1802-1900) is employed NWC (1820-1821) then HBC
(1821-1823) in Athabasca District, assigned Western Caledonia (1823-1827) then
Columbia District (1827-1835) retired Cowlitz 1835, married 1839 (III)-Emelie Finlay
Metis (1796-1848) and had at least 5 kids. (II)-Arthur
Pruden, Metis born 1819/20 Carlton House on the Saskatchewan River son (I)-Jean
Peter Pruden (1778-1868) and Nancy Cree Indian Woman (1785-1837). (I)-William
Rowland Sr (1802-1875) joined HBC (1820-1864) assigned (1840-1864) North
Saskatchewan River, free trader (1865-1875) died Fort Edmonton. Married
January 9, 1825 at Moose Lake, Cumberland District ro Betsey Ballendine a native
of Hudson Bay. August 21, 1838 Betsey Ballened of Norway House married
(churched?) at Norway House (I)-William Roland (1802-1875); recorded children
all baptized 1838 are: Lea Suzanne, Metis b-1820 N.W.T., living Edmonton 1901.
Angelique Vallee, Metis, is born Fort Edmonton (Alberta) daughter,
Autoine Vallee and Suzanne Lefebvre; married, 1835, Fort Edmonton, (Alberta)
Louis Leblanc Metis son Pierre Leblanc.
December 20: Great Slave Lake, birth Pierre Laferte died after 1901,
married Marianne Genereuse.
1821
Jean Baptiste Bourassa, b-1821, Fort Edmonton (Alberta), died October 19, 1882 son
Michel Francois Bourassa and Marguerite Beaulieu; married, 1842, Red River
Madeline Pelletier, Metis, b-1826, Red River, daughter, Joseph Pelletier, Metis,
b-1787 and Genevieve Hallet, Metis, b-1800 Fort Pelly (Saskatchewan), died 1890 Fort Ellice,
Manitoba.
Paul Boucher, Metis, b-1821, son Paul Boucher Sr., Metis, and Francoise St.
Germain, Metis; married Louise Marcellais, Metis, b-1825 Assiniboia des Metis
Settlement daughter Jean Baptiste Sr, Metis, b-1767 and Angelique Assiniboine
(Native), b-1785 or Marie Wilkie, Metis, b-1810. The reference to
Assiniboia Settlement could reference Red River, White Horse Plains, Wood
Mountain or even as far west as Medicine Hat.
(II)-Peter Brass Metis b-1794 Hudson Bay son (I)-Peter Brass b-1759/62 and
native/Metis; joined HBC (1814-1839) Swan River, Fort Edmonton/Chesterfield
House (1821-1823), married Susan Roy or Comtois Marie Cartier, Metis, born June 21, 1821, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta)
daughter Cartier a Whiteman and La8i8le Gladu a Metis; married, 1835, Lesser
Slave Lake (Alberta) Pierre Chalifoux, born March 20, 1806, Lac Poisson Blanc
son Charles Chalifoux and Suzette Chalifoux, Metis. Etienne dit Gilbert Comptois b-1780 Quebec,
likely brother Francois Comptois dit Gilbert, employed South
West Fur Company at Fond du Lac just south of Green Bay, Wisconsin (1811-1814)
and employed NWC (1814-1820) same location, HBC (1821-1825) Athabasca District
& McKenzie River District. he married Indian or Metis girl
while here and had three Metis sons and three Metis girls. He settled Red
River and in 1831 census at Red River with 3 sons under 16 and 3 daughters
under 15, but one son was over 16 in 1833, Francois Comptois dit Gilbert
(Gilbert Francois dit Comptois) joined NWC (1815-1821) in Athabasca in 1821 but
sent to Montreal 1822, 1838 in Red River 4 sons over 16, 3 daughters under
15
(II)-William Connolly b-1786/87 Lachine, Quebec, d-1849, Montreal, son
(I)-William Connely (Conoly, Connelly);
Joined NWC (1801-1821) assigned Red River area (1801-1818), assigned
Cumberland House (Saskatchewan) (1818-1821) married 1803 Red River Suzanne, Pas-de-Nom
d-1862 a Cree and together
they had six children, (1821-1824) made chief factor of HBC Lesser Slave
Lake, transfered 1824 to
New Caldonia, 1829 at Fort Vancouver, 1832 took his wife and 6 kids to Montreal
where he disavowed his country marriage. In 1841 his first wife had moved to a
convent in St. Boniface, Manitoba In 1832 William Sr. married his cousin,
Julia Woolrich, in Montreal. Connolly willed his estate to his second
wife, but Susanne’s oldest son, John Connolly challenged the will resulting in
the courts supporting his claim of the validity of the first marriage. The
extension of legal rights to country wives was precedent setting in Canada.
This effectively made William a bigamist. Etienne dit Gilbert Comptois b-1780 Quebec, employed HBC out of Fort
Dauphim, working Athabasca, Fort Chipewyan and McKenzie River District
(1821-1825).
Susan DeGuine, Metis b-1821, Alberta living
Lakeland eastern Alberta 1891.
J. L. Descharme b-1821 Red River, married, Julia, b-1851 Red River, living
Calgary, (Southern Alberta) 1891.
Joseph Frederick Despard of Yamaska, Lower Canada, employed HBC (1821-1842)
likely assigned English River? (1821-1823).
Toussant Faille dit Faye and Lafayette Metis (1795-1875) employed NWC
(1817-1820) Red River HBC posted Athabasca
(1821-1824), McKenzie River (1824-26) and again (1828-1833), Red River
(1826-1828) Married 1st Angelique Sancheaux Courtre and 2nd Marie Wilkie Metis
b-18105/10 Red River des Metis
(I)-Duncan Finlayson (1795-1862) employed HBC (1815-1859) is assigned to
Edmonton House (1821-1824).
(I)-William Fleet (1762-1823) employed HBC (1782-1823) assigned Rocky
Mountain House, Saskatchewan River (1821-1822)
Jean Baptiste Francour b-1797 Yamaska, Quebec, employed HBC (1821-1832)
assigned Saskatchewan (1821-1822).
Pierre Bostonais (Bostonnais) dit Tete Jaunes, d-1827 an Iroquois Metis with yellow hair
guided Jose Gaubin b-1800 Yamaska, Quebec joined NWC (1818-1821) to Rocky Mountain house and into the Rocky
Mountains but it is not known how far into B.C, they went but in (1821-1836) he worked
IIe-a-la Crosse, Bow River and Saskatchewan
District.
(I)-Edouard Gilbault b-1798 employed HBC (1820-1853) assigned mostly at Fort
Carlton, Saskatchewan District, married Marie Anne Rocque, Metis b-1827,
daughter Joseph Rocque and Indian woman
George Hodgson Metis says he is from Athabasca but more likely Albany son
(II)-John Hodgenson jr. b-1792 and Charlotte ?, Joined HBC (1839-1864) English
River, Saskatchewan, retired Fort Pitt.
Francois Hoole, Metis, b-1798 Red River, employed NWC (1819-1821) and HBC
(1821-1885) Athabasca and Mackenzie River Districts. Assigned (1821-1829) Fort
Vermillion
Pierre Kanatagonet Iroquois (1795-1828) from Sault St. Louis, Quebec joined
NWC 1814 at Fort William, 1821 in Athabasca, 1825 in Columbia District to 1828.
Joseph Ladouceur b-1777/80 Quebec, employed HBC (1821-183) out of Fort Edmonton,
then retired to Red River.
Louis Landry Metis b-1795/97 Red River son Julien Landry and Josephte
Montagnase; joined (1821-1832) Athabasca retired Red River 1832, married 1833
Red River Marie Anne Martin Metis b-1803/11 daughter Joseph Martin and Saulteau
Woman Hyacinthe Larvie (Larve-Larivee) b-1794 joined NWC
(1817-1821) Red River & HBC (1821-1838) Saskatchewan District. Antoine
LeGault dit Delorier b-1783 from Riviere Du-Chien (aux-Chien) joined NWC
(1815-1821) or earlier, no location given, HBC (1822-1834) Athabasca District.
(I)-Donald McKenzie (1783-1851) of the HBC married a half breed woman, likely
Mary McKay daughter Alexander McKay d-1811. He was in transition from the
Columbia District to the Saskatchewan District, likely married Fort Edmonton or
even Red River as he came in charge of that district in 1823.
John Moar Metis joined HBC (1821-1822) Saskatchewan river.
May: (II)-Nicholas Montour Jr. son (I)-Nicholas Montour Sr. d-1808 a
shareholder in the NWC, (II)-Nicolas joined HBC Saskatchewan District
(1821-1823) but classified as an indolent, an expensive Trader, fond of liquor;
will be discharged in 1823.
Joseph Beaudry (Beaudrie), a.k.a. Old Goudrie, a former North West Company man, is working Fort Edmonton as a
canoe middleman until 1823. His wife is named Karorwaste.
(II)-Margaret Park, Metis born 1821, Fort Edmonton daughter (I)-John Park
(1768/71-1847) and Margaret Metisse, b-1796, died February 19, 1853, Red River.
Hyacinthe Parisien dit Parisien from Montreal joined NWC (1816-1821) Lac La
Plue, Norway House, Ile-a-la-Crosse; HBC (1821-1822) Saskatchewan River, retired
to Red River.
Joseph Plomondo from Montreal is in Athabasca 1820 but not in ledgers but is
recorded (1821-1823) Lac La Pluie. Fort Augustus
(Edmonton), birth (III)-Charlotte Small, Metis b-1821, daughter (II)-Patrick Small Jr., Metis
(1789-1846) and Nancy Hughes Metis Chesterfield House on the confluence of
the Red Deer and south branch of the Saskatchewan Rivers built by John MacDonald of Garth Scotland for the North West Fur
Company of Montreal, and soon abandoned was rebuilt this year.
Jasper House (Alberta), birth Jean Baptiste Waniyande, Metis, died 1876, son Louis Ignace Waniyande
Sr.,
and Marie Walker: married Isabelkle Karaconti, Metis, b-1820 Jasper House
(Alberta), died
1888 Jasper House (Alberta) daughter Ignace Karacont L'Iroquoise, (1780-1890) and Anne of
the Sekanaise tribe (Montiagnais nation) Sekana.
The North West Company and the Hudson Bay Company
merge. (II)- John Rowand (1787-1854) of the North West Company became a Chief Trader
in the new Hudson Bay Company at Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la Montagne
de Roches, which retained the
North West Company name. But Fort Augustus would become Fort Edmonton after
the Hudson Bay Company name. He was chief factor Rocky Mountain House in
1804 for NWC.
The H.B.C. built Salt River House on the mouth of the Salt River and the
Slave River. Francois Beaulieu, Metis (1771-1872) who was born on the
Salt River likely worked for this trading post about this time or later.
March 26: The bitter rivalry in the fur trade ended when the North
West Company was absorbed by the Hudson's Bay Company. The North West Company
had 97 posts and the Hudson's Bay Company had 76. Fort Wedderburn was abandoned
in favor of Fort Chipewyan.
December 24: Jasper House (Alberta), birth, Noel Courtepatte son man
named Courtrpatte and Jane Bruyere; married, 1848, Lac Ste Anne, (Alberta), Nancy
Campion,
Metis, b-1832 Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta) daughter Joseph Sapin dit Campion,
b-1797 and Marie Nepissing, b-1810 (daughter Ignace commandant Nepissing and
Elisabeth Lizette Courteoreville).
1822
Hypolite Brissette b-1792 Montreal, employed HBC (1818-1837) is on the Bow
River 1822
Josephte Kwarkwentha Callihoo L'Iroquoise, b-1822, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta)
daughter Louis Kwarkwentha Callihoo L'Iroquoise, b-1782, Montreal and Josephte
Patenaude, b-1820 (must be a second wife?); married 1836 Charles Beauregard,
d-1885.
Jacques Cardinal Sr. aka Cardinalle & Cardinel b-1772, employed HBC at
Lesser Slave Lake (1822-1826) he took time off in 1824 likely to establish
himself at Red River, maybe to marry? where he settled in 1830. Red River
census 1831 lists wife and one son under 16 and had a daughter b-1832.
OR/AND Jacques Cardinal joined NWC (1809-1821) Columbia District, he had a
wife and son in 1809. HBC (1821-1822) Columbia District, 1822 in Lesser
Slave Lake and then Red River. Possible children are? Dominique Farron aka Frarron b-1798 employed HBC (1815-1840) assigned Bow
River (1822-1824)
(I)-William Fleet (Flett) (1762-1823) employed HBC (1782-1823) assigned Edmonton
House, Saskatchewan River (1822-1823) then retired to Red River.
Jean Baptiste Francour b-1797 Yamaska, Quebec, employed HBC (1821-1832)
assigned Athabasca (1822-1824).
(II)-Richard Grant (1793-1862) employed HBC (1816-1850) son William Grant and
Margaret Laframboise is assigned Edmonton House (1822-1823)
Amable Hogue, Metis (1796-1858) born 1795 opposite La Riviere des Prairies,
Saskatchewan District, son Louis Amable Hegne and Marie Anne Labella, employed HBC (1821-1834)
Norway House, Bow River, and then is assigned Columbia District (1823-1829) finally settling Red River 1834, married
1831 (II)- Margaret Taylor Metis b-1818, epouse 1st (I)-George Simpson
(1786-1820)..
(IV)-Jean Baptiste Lafleur Metis b-1822 joined HBC (1844-1883) Athabasca,
Saskatchewan, Peace River, possible b-1811 & b-1822 same person
The first York boats used on the Athabasca were built in Fort Chipewyan.
Marie Anne Karaconti L'Iroquoise, b-1822, Rocky Mountain House (Alberta)
daughter Louis Kwarakwentha Callihoo L'Iroquoise, b-1782 Quebec and Marie
Katis of the Sekanaise tribe of the Montagnais Nation; married 1848 Lac Ste Anne
(Alberta), Simon Wanut.
(I)-Donald Manson (1798-1880) is among the party sent on the South Branch
Expedition of the Saskatchewan River (1822-1824).
Pierre Pambrun (1792-1841) son Andrew Dominique Pambrun and Angelique
Hyracque; joined NWC? (1812-1815), HBC (1815-1841) Bow River expedition
(1822-1823) (I)-Donald McKenzie (1783-1851) and (II)-John Rowand (1787-1854) rebuilt Chesterfield
House for the Hudson Bay Company and again abandoned it in 1823.
(I)-Donald McKenzie (1783-1851) employed NWC (1901-1810) Athabasca, Pacific
Fur Company (1810-1813) & NWC (1814-1821) & HBC (1821-1822) all
Columbia District, HBC (1822-1823) Saskatchewan Districe and Bow River
expedition. HBC (1823-1833) Red River then Lake Superior retired 1834 New
York. He had 13 children (I)-Donald McKenzie (1783-1851) Chief Factor in charge sent a big party of men to the Bow River. All attempts to secure the Bow River, the place of bow
making, failed. The Blackfoot Confederation rejected the intrusion
of their homeland by refusing to trade. (II)-John Rowland (Rowand) (1787-1854) then sent (II)-James
(Jimmy Jock) Bird, Metis (1785-1892) into the southern district to learn the Blackfoot
language and, hopefully, win the Blackfoot, Blood and Piegan as trade customers
for the company. (II)-Jimmy Jock, a Metis, learned the language, married a
Sarah a Piegan
woman and was adopted into the tribe. He became, for all practical purposes,
an Indian, then a Piegan Chief traveling into Montana and North Dakota. He
could speak English, French, Cree, Blackfoot and Assiniboine. The H.B.C. at
Fort Edmonton was bewildered as Chief (II)-Jimmy Jock, Metis (1785-1892) played the H.B.C. against the
American Fur Companies for the best terms. The Americans were so angry at
the lack of loyalty that it was said a $500.00 reward was offered for his
termination. It should be noted that between (1821-1833) (II)-James (Jimmy
Jock) Bird (1785-1892) was a free trader. It is also noteworthy that there appears to be two Rowand/Rowland's
in Early Alberta. (I)-William Rowland Sr. (1802-1875) HBC (1820-1864),
(III)-William Rowland
Metis Jr, (son (II)-John Rowland Metis b-1833 Cumberland House HBC (1853-1869 on
the Saskatchewan) son (I)-William Rowland and Betsy Ballenden; (II)- John's
wife (II)-Emma Rowland Metis . Lets try this again: Antoine Morin (1797-1857) born Maskinonge, Quebec joined NWC (1820-1821) then
NWC (1821-1857) and was assigned to Athabasca (1822-1839) He was in Slave
Lake, Fort Chipewyan, Norway House
(III)-Antoine Munroe, Metis, b-1822, Alberta, son (II)-Hugh Munroe, b-1784
and Sranopa Otokan Blackfoot; married 1855
Lac Ste Anne (Devil Lake, Alberta), Anne
Genevieve Campion, Metis, b-1835 Lesser Slave Lake, daughter Joseph Sapin dit
Campion, b-1797 and Marie Nipissing, b-1810..
Hugh Munro (1802-1896) employed Bow River (1822-1823) Baptiste Sakoereka d-1822 an Iroquois from Quebec a freeman at Lesser Slave
Lake and Spokane House where he died.
The first Negro in Alberta
was a great curiosity to the natives and the favorite of native women.
Louis Vallee, b-1822, son Antoine Vallee and Susanne Lefebvre; married
January 15, 1844, Fort des Prairies, (Edmonton,Alberta), Louise Durand, died July 4, 1871
daughter Paul Niyawekanis Durandb-1796, Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la
Montagne de Roches; married 1816 Fort
Edmonton, (Alberta) Marie Ahskekahmuhtaht.
(I)-Robert Wilson (1799-1864) a shipbuilder joined HBC (1820-1864) York
District assigned Saskatchewan District (1822-1828) married 1851 York Factory
(II)-Jane Flett Metis daughter (I)-George Fleet (1803-1849) and Catherine or
Elizabeth a Metis or Indian Edmonton House reported for 1822–23 indicates that the Beaver
Hills Cree consisted of thirty tents or about 120 fighting men. October
7: Fort Edmonton Joseph Lafournaise aka Lacarte dit Laboucan (Luboucan )
b-1777/80
Quebec, a voyager, and free trader arrived Fort Edmonton from his hunting
ground..
November 2: Lesser Slave Lake
(Alberta), birth, Angelique L'Hyrondelle, Metis daughter Jacques
L'Hyrondelle (L'Hirondelle) Metis and Josephine Pilon, Metis or Indian; married 1843, Lac Ste Anne
(Alberta), Oliver Laderoute, b-1806, Montreal, Quebec, died March 23, 1876 St.
Albert (Alberta) son Seguin Laderoute and a French Canadian: Oliver 1st married
1835 Cumberland House (Saskatchewan) Angelique dit Bradent Maskegan.
November 20: Ile-a-la-Corosse, birth (II)-James Cunningham, Metis, son
(I)-Patrick Cunningham (1789/94-1831) Ireland, employed HBC (1812-1831) and
(II)-Mary (Anne) Bruce, Metis (1794-1859)
December, Manson, Munro, Douglas and the balance of the Bow River Expedition
returned to Edmonton House, all reduced to skeletons. The expedition was a
total failure.
1823
John Bussette, b-1823, in the Rocky Mountains west of Calgary, Alberta.
Jean Baptiste Charbonneau (1790/95-1882) employed HBC (1815-1833) assigned
Athabasca (1821-1827), residence listed Fort Chipewyan where he acquired an
Indian wife and had one Metis daughter. He acquired land Red River 1830
and settled there as a freeman 1833. By 1835 he had a wife, two sons and
two daughters and by 1843 had two sons, four daughters.
Charlotte (Katrine) Gladu, Metis, b-1823, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta)
daughter Francois Gladu, Metis and Marie Onahogeesigo; married 1845, Lesser
Slave Lake (Alberta), Pierre Montagnais a Chippewyan.
William Gonon, Orkney Island b-1823 married to Sara
Metis b-1833 Red River living Alberta 1868, living Lakeland, eastern Alberta
1891.
(I)-Donald Manson (1798-1880) is among the party sent on the Bow River
Expedition (1823-1824).
(I)-Alexander Roderick McLeod (1782-1840) employed NWC/HBC (1802-1824) Athabasca
Department.is posted Fort Good Hope, on the east bank of the Mackenzie River.
It is the oldest fur-trading post in the lower Mackenzie Valley.
J.M. McLeod of HBC entered the Nahanni Valley to determine the fur potential
and concluded they were not good.
(II)-Pierre Chrysologue Pambruin, Metis born December 19, 1792, Quebec 1st married
1823, Lesser Slave Lake; 2nd married 1854 Lac La Biche (Alberta) Catherine (Kittt) Humphreyville, Metis, b-1805
daughter Thomas Hunphreyville Sr., and (II)-Pierre Cyrysologue Pambrun Metis (1792-1841) employed HBC (1815-1841) is posted
Smoky River, Lesser Slave Lake (1823-1824), Fort Kilmaurs (1824-1825), Babine
post, New Caledonia (1825-1830), Stewart Lake, New Caledonia
Charlotte (Katrine) Gladu, Metis, b-1823, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta),
daughter Francois Gladu, Metis and Marie Onahugeesigo, Metis; married 1845,
Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), Pierre Montagnais a Chippewyn.
Hugh Munro (1802-1896) is free trading (Alberta) (1823-1832) (II)-Pierre Pambrun Metis (1792-1841) son (I)- Andrew Dominique Pambrun and Angelique
Hyracque joined NWC? (1812-1815), HBC (1815-1841) He served in the
War of 1812 and reached the rank of lieutenant in the French Canadian Voltigeur
regiment of the British army. (II)-James P. Pruden, Metis born (1823-1902) Carlton House on the
Saskatchewan River son (I)-Jean Peter Pruden (1778-1868) and Nancy Cree Indian
Woman (1785-1837); Abraham Salois, Metis b-1823 Alberta married about 1873 likely Duhamel,
Alberta Susanna Metis b-1814, Alberta
Fort Edmonton, marriage (I)-James Whiteway (1778-1838) employed HBC
(1798-1823) married 1st Mary Park, Indian died before 1823; 2nd marriage
February 20, 1826 likely Fort Edmonton (II)-Ann Monkman, Metis, (1807-1839)
daughter (I)-James Monkman (1775-1865) and Mary Swampy Cree
Fort Edmonton, baptism (II)-John Whiteway Metis son (I)-James Whiteway
(1778-1838) employed HBC (1798-1823) and Mary Park, Indian died before 1823
The Beaver under command of Pouce Coupe (Cut thumb) attacked the Fort
commanded by James Hughes, d-1823, killing him and his men and burned the for for failure
to trade. Jean Baptiste Lefleur and another French employee returned from
hunting to discover the remains. The Beaver provided these two survivors
with a canoe and dried meat and saw they safely down to Fort Dunvegan.
About this time the Sickannies, a branch of the Beaver, destroyed Fort Nelson
300 miles to the N.W., killing Alexander
Henry, and all his men. Another possible son Alexander Henry (1764-1814)?
Having failed at Chesterfield house, (II)-John Rowand (1787-1854) is assigned
Chief Factor to the well-established Fort
Augustus; that was renamed Fort Edmonton.
He arrived this year with his metis wife, Louis Umphreville, and Metis children.
Fort Augustus, at this time, was producing York boats and bags of pemmican
for the fur trade. They traded with the Assiniboine, Cree, Blackfoot,
Sarcee, Gros-Ventre, Piegan and Blood. Christmas dinner at Fort Edmonton
usually featured unborn bison (buffalo), removed from the cow and boiled whole. The
Parkland Assiniboine, Cree and Metis, near Fort Edmonton, numbered 20 tents, and
the Strong Wood Assiniboine numbered 40 tents. This is interesting in that
Metis are not usually noted separate from the Indians, although they often
traveled with them.
The H.B.C. built Fort Assiniboine (Barrhead, Alberta) at the confluence of
the Freeman and Athabasca Rivers, about 150 km nortrhwest of Fort
Edmonton.. .
January 11: The balance of the Bow River Expedition, including Harriott,
arrived Edmonton House in a sorry state.
August 8: Fort Edmonton, Joseph Lafournaise aka Lacarte dit Laboucan (Luboucan
) b-1777/80 Quebec, a voyager, free trader and others arrived with some furs
and they left their families at Sandy Lake above this place (further up the
Saskatchewan)
October 1: Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), birth, Michel Callio, Metis,
died April 6, 1911, son Louis Kwarakwentha Callihoo L'Iroquoise, b-1782,
Chaughawaga, Montreal and Mare Tekanise Patenaude,
Metis, of the Sekanaise tribe of the Montagnais nation, (1803-1854); married April 20,
1846, Fort Edmonton (Alberta), Marie Savard (1828-1869), daughter Antoine Savard
and Marianne Vallee. November 6: Dog Rump Creek area Fort
Augustus (Edmonton), death (III)-unnamed Small, Metis d-1823 son (II)- Patrick Small
Jr., Metis
(1789-1846) and Nancy Hughes, Metis
November 15: Saskatchewan Valley, birth Elizabeth Betsey Fisher,
daughter Henry Fisher, b-1800 and Marguerite Laframboise; married, Louis
Bousequet, b-1823 son Louis Bousequet and Marie Vallee.
November 28: Alberta, birth, Joseph Belcourt Metis son Joseph Belcourt
Metis d-1863
and Catherine L'Hyrondelle, Metis b-1793, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta); married,
February 23, 1846, Fort des Prairies (Edmonton, Alberta), Madeleine Sapin dit Campion
daughter Joseph Sapin dit Campion, b-1797 and Marie Nepissing, b-1810.
1824
Louis (Bloss) Belhumeur aka Belhumeure dit Bellehumeur (1799-1821) employed
NWC Lac La Pluie (1817-1821), HBC (1821-1827) being transferred to Athabasca
(1824-1827)
Antoine Blandion 1st married 1835 Big Lake (St. Albert, Alberta) Catherine
Berland; 2nd marriage 1939, Lac Ste Anne (Alberta) Marie Desjarlais Metis, b-1824,
Lac La Biche (Alberta) daughter Joseph Desjarlais Metis Jr. b-1794.
Francois Boucher Jr. b-1824 married most likely McKenzie River 1868/69
Elizabeth Native.
Hypolite Brissette b-1792 Montreal, employed HBC (1818-1837) is at Lesser
Slave Lake (1824-1827)
James Cardinal, Metis cut a horse trail for the HBC that passed Lac La
Nonne, to posts along the Athabasca River. They also transported fish from
Lac La Nonne harvested by the Metis to these same posts. Some refered to
this route as the Fort Assiniboine Trail and used it until 1855. In
1897-1898 it became the Klondike Trail. Joseph Cornoyer b-1803 likely
Sorel, Quebec, joined HBC (1819-1939) , working Fort Chipewyan, Athabasca
1824-1826), Columbia District 1826, free trader 1832, settled Willamette
1841,
Dominique Farron aka Frarron b-1798 employed HBC (1815-1840) assigned
Saskatchewan District (1824-1825)
(II)-Thomas Hodgson, Metis (1789/1790-1865) employed HBC and NWC then
back with HBC (1821-1865) is assigned to Athabasca and Green Lake, English River
(1824-1853) (I)-Donald Manson (1798-1880) is among the party sent on the Rocky Mountain
Expedition (1824-1825). He spent the remainder of his employment
(1825-1858) in Columbia District and New Caledomia.
Francois Payasis Desjarlais Metis, b-1824 Beaver River, son Joseph Desjarlais
Metis Jr. b-1794 and
Josephte Suzette Cardinal, b-1800, Lac La Biche des Metis; married 1844 Lac La
Biche des Metis (Alberta) Euplrosine Auger Metis, b-1828 Lesser Slave Lake
(Alberta) daughter Antoine Augustin Auger and Marie Nippissing.
(I)-Duncan Finlayson (1795-1862) employed HBC (1815-1859) is assigned to Fort
Vermillion (1824-1825).
Jean Baptiste Francour b-1797 Yamaska, Quebec, employed HBC (1821-1832)
assigned Fort Simpson, MacKenzie River (1824-1832).
Jean Baptiste Jolibois born 1795 LaPrairie, likely Metis employed HBC
(1822-1851) assigned (1822-1824) Athabasca; (1824-1831) New Caledonia
Charles Johnson, Metis b-1824 Hudson Bay married
about 1869 Alberta Agathe Metis b-1846 Peace River living Alberta 1870, living
Lakeland eastern Alberta 1891.
(I)-Jean Peter Pruden (1778-1868) travels to London 1824-1825 leaving wife
Nancy Cree Indian Woman (1785-1837) and children at Carlton House on the
Saskatchewan River.
(I)-Robert McVicar (1794-1864) employed HBC (1812-1830) assigned to Fort
Resolution (1824-1827), married Christa McBeath. (III)-Pierre Chrysologue
Pambrun Metis Jr. b-1824 Ledder Slave Lake son (II)-Pierre Chrysologue Pambrun
Sr. (1792-1789) and Catherine (Kitty) Umfreville Metis joined HBC (1841-1878)
assigned (1841-1851) Mackenzie River, working 1853-1878) Saskatchewan District,
Lac La Biche, Fort Pitt and retired Lesser Slave Lake Louis Portneuf b-1794
from St. Francois likely brother Joseph Portneuf (1796-1830) with NWC
(1815-1821. Louis joined NWC (1818-1819) Montreal/Lac des Isles NWC (1820-1821)
& HBC (1823--1824) Columbia District (1821-1833) Athabasca, English River,
Nelson River in 1825 he is listed as having 11 years service
(II)-John Rowand (1787-1854) entered into an agreement with
Cardinal and Freeman to make a road, or horse track, from Fort Assiniboine
House to Edmonton, a seventy mile portage. This, he hoped, would ensure
that the Saskatchewan would remain the major highway and would ensure the position
of Fort Edmonton as the gateway to the north.
(I)-John Sturart (1780-1847) is Chief Factor Carleton House on the Saskatchewan
River (1824-1826) Fort Edmonton, birth (III)-Amelia Small, Metis b-1824 daughter
(II)-Patrick Small Jr,, Metis (1789-1846) and Nancy Hughes
Metis April 6/7: Fort Edmonton Joseph Lafournaise aka Lacarte dit Laboucan
(Luboucan ) b-1777/80 Quebec, a voyager and Free trader arrived but have not
made very large hunt since last year
August 27: Lesser Slave Lake, birth, (III)-Pierre Chrysologue Pambruin
Jr.Metis son (II)-Pierrre Chrysologue Pambrun b-1792 and Catherine (Kitty)
Horteuse Umfreville b-1805;
married 1854 Lac La Biche (Alberta) Elizabeth Quintel, b-1833 Lac La Biche
des Metis (Alberta)
1825
Marie Anelia b-1825 Alberta, 1901 census says mother to Agustus Anelia b-1873
Alberta but must be grandmother.
Augustin Auger, Metis, b-1825, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta) son Antoine Augustin
Auger and Marie Nippissing; 1st married 1848, Fort Edmonton, (Alberta), Rosalie Labonne;
2nd marriage, 1861, Fort Edmonton, (Alberta), Sylvie Bruneau, b-1845, Lac La Biche
(Alberta), daughter Michel Joachim Bruneau b-1806 and Marie Catherine Ladouceur,
b-1810.
(I)-James Birnie (1799-1864) from Fort Covile Columbia District joined the
Slave Lake Brigade, Saskatchewan District and back.(1825-1826)
Pierre Bostonais, d-1827, aka Tete Jaune, a yellow haired Iroquois Metis
guided a party over the Rocky mountains to Tete Jaune's Cache, B.C.
Jean Baptiste Letendre dit Batoche aka Okimawaskawikinam b-1762, Quebec is at
Rocky Mountain House, aka Poste de la Montagne de Roches.
Eustache Bernard, b-1829, Fort Edmonton son Louis Berard, b-1796 and
Catherine Hughes; 2nd married, 1854 Red River Marguerite Primeau, b-1836 Fort
Alexander, NWT daughter Joseph Primeau (1785-1875) married 1824, Josephte Dion
and 1st marriage 1836, Marguerite Bethsy Stevenson, Metis, b-1807 York Factory,
died 1901.
Joseph Beaudry (Beaudrie) a.k.a. Old Goudrie, a former North West Company man and
HBC man, is working Fort Carlton on the North Saskatchewan River, as a freeman until 1828, and ran an outfit until
1846 when he retired to Red River where he died December 29, 1863 . His
wife is named Karorwaste. Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta) birth Michel Cardinal, Metis, b-1825 son Antoine Cardinal,
Metis, b-1795 and Marie (Godin) Demontigny Comptois b-1795, Marie epouse 1815
B.C. Peter Hogden; married 1849, White Fish Lake, Athabasca, Catherine Pakakoos,
b-1828 daughter Antoine Sakapwan Kamaspwapasuy. Pierre Cardinal dit Tiblay,
Metis, b-1825, Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta), son Joseph Cardinal, Metis, (1794-1854) and Lizette
Maskegan (others suggest son Joseph Cardinal, b-1756 Wuebec and Rose Cree); married
1849 White Fish Lake, Athabasca, Catherine Pakakoos b-1828 daughter Antoine
Sakapwan and Kamaspwapasuy, 2nd marriage 1882 Peace Hills, Isabelle Durand,
Metis, b-1846, Fort Edmonton (Alberta) daughter Paul Niyawekanis Durand and
Susanne Kewtchit.. Francois Dumont Metis, b-1825, Fort Edmonton, son
Gabriel Dumont, Metis, b-195/1801 and Suzanne Lusser, Metis; married 1859 Lac
Ste Anne, Nancy Gladu, Metis, b-1834, Lesser Slave Lake daughter Charles Gladu,
b-1810 and Therese Gray, Metis, b-1813, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta). Charles
Forrest (Forest) (1810-1851) from Montreal joined HBC (1825-1851) assigned
Island Lake (1825-1828), Mackenzie River (1828-1835) Red River 1835, Fort
Alexander, Lac La Pluie (1836-1838), Columbia District (1838-1851), married at
least three women, Charles Gladu, b-1810,
Devil Lake (Lac Ste Anne, Alberta) son Francois Gladu,
born December 25, 1763, married, about 1797, N.W.T., Josephte Chartrand,
b-1773; married 1825, Devil Lake (Lac Ste Anne Alberta), Therese Gray, Metis, b-1813, Lesser Slave
Lake, daughter Thomas Gray and Marie Nipissing. Pierre L'Hyrondelle, b-1825,
Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta) son Jacques L'Hyrondelle and Josephte Pilon; married
1850 Lac Ste Anne (Alberta), Marguerite Boucher, Metis, daughter Joseph Boucher
and Marguerite Dupuis, Metis, b-1802. Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta),
birth, Pierre L'Hyrondelle, Metis son, Jacques
L'Hyrondelle (L'Hirondelle) Metis and Josephine Pilon, Metis or Indian; married 1850, Lac Ste
Anne (Alberta), Marguerite Boucher, Metis, daughter Joseph Boucher and
Marguerite Dupus, Metis, b-1802 daughter Jean Baptiste Dupus and Marie Native. Charles
Laviolette (1795-1867) is in the English River District (1825-1839) then retired
to Red River. James McMillan HBC was ordered to explore the Yellowhead Pass,
he hired Tete Jaune Cache aka Pierre Hatsinaton an Iroquois Metis. They
departed Jasper House October 18 and by October 24 and 120 miles later they
reached Tete Jaune Cache. Fort Edmonton, birth Genevieve
Picard, Metis, b-1825, Fort Edmonton (Alberta) daughter Joseph Picard, died February 22, 1850
Pembina, North Dakota and Lalouise Metis; married 1842 (IV)-Joseph Cadotte,
Metis, b-1813 son Laurent Cadotte, born February 8, 1766, Bastican, Quebec and
Suzanne Mackegone Cree.
L. Robeson b-1825 Red River, a horseman, living Calgary, Alberta 1891.
(I)-Alexander Ross
(1783-1856) wrote: "Fort Edmonton is a large compact establishment,
with good buildings, palisades, and bastions, pleasantly situated in a deep
valley ...Attached to this place are two large parks, fields, enclosures for
raising grain, and, the soil being good, it produces large crops of barley and
potatoes; but the spring and fall frosts prove injurious to wheat, which, in
consequence, seldom comes to maturity"
(II)-John Rowand (1787-1854)
became
Chief Factor at Fort Edmonton and a member of the council of Rupertsland
a few years later. Alfred Rabasca dit Schmidt, Metis, b-1825, Slave Lake, died
1901, son Peter Rabasca dit Schmidt and Marie Ann Cree. Antoine Savard,
b-1825, Fort Edmonton (Alberta) son Antoine Savard and Marianne Vallee; married,
1849, Marguerite Bisson, b-1831, Slave Lake, daughter Jean Baptiste Bisson and
Rosalie Simon. Alfred (Rabasca) Schmidt, b-1825 Slave Lake District
(Alberta), died April 7, 1901 Battleford District, son Pierre Schmidt dit Peter
Laferte and Marie Anne3 Genereuse dit Generaux dit Genereux
Francois Villeneuve, b-1825, married September 12, 1842, Fort des Prairies,
(Edmonton,Alberta) Helene Vallee, b-1828 daughter Antoine Vallee and Susanne Lefibvre.
Louis Ignace Waniyande, b-1825, Jasper House, died March,1874, son Louis
Ignace Naniyande Sr. and Marie Walker; married Lisette Courteoeille, b-1829,
N.W.T.
Edmonton is producing large crops of barley and potatoes;
but spring and fall frosts spoiled the wheat crop.
Francois Beaulieu, Metis (1771-1882) guided John Franklin, Dr. John
Richardson and E.N. Kendall by boat from Great Bear Lake to Fort Franklin.
The Dene population of Ile-a-la-Crosse (Saskatchewan) is listed as: May 1: (I)-Alexander Ross
(1783-1856) at Fort Edmonton wrote: "Adjoining the cultivated fields is a
very fine race-ground, two miles or more in length.: horse-racing being one of
the chief amusements of the place during the summer season; and here we may
observe that Fort des Prairies is not only celebrated for fine women, but for
fine horses. They are the best horses the country can produce. I
rode round the race-ground a chestnut sixteen hands high, and very
spirited." Horses were also used for portages and the bison (buffalo)
hunts. Not to his liking were the sled-dogs, he counted fifty-two of them,
of the wolf-breed; and so savage that women and children did not dare venture
out after dark.
1826
Antoine Auger, b-1826, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta) son Antoine Augustin Auger
and (II)-Marie Madeleine Klyne, b-1808 daughter (I)-Michel Klyne b-1781 and
Susan Lafrance Metis b-1790; married 1848, Lac Ste Anne (Alberta), Louise Boucher, Metis, b-1832,
Battle River Settlement (Alberta), son Joseph Boucher and Marguerite Dupis,
Metis, b-1802.
Antoine Auger Metis d-1855 joined HBC (1826-1855) assigned Saskatchewan
District
John Anbichon Cardinal, Metis, b-1826, Lac La Biche (Alberta) son Jacques Cardinal,
Metis, b-1798 Moose Mountain, Fort Pitt, (Saskatchewan), and Marguerite Desjarlais
Metis daughter Joseph Desjarlas Metis Jr. b-1794 or Robinson; married
1856 Lac La Biche (Alberta), Cecile Labonne, Metis, b-1839, Lac Poisson Blanc,
daughter Basile Labonne and Nanette Cardinal, Metis, b-1814.
Tete Jaune aka Pierre Bostonais, d-1827 a yellow haired Iroquois Metis guided
is reported sick at Fort Alexander.
Jacques Cardinal Sr. aka Cardinalle & Cardinel b-1772, employed HBC
assigned Saskatchewan (1826-1830)
Nancy Cardnell, Metis b-1826 Alberta, living Fort
Saskatchewan, Alberta 1901.
Antoine Cataphaar (1795-1840) employed HBC (1817-1840) assigned Fort
Vermilion, Athabasca District (1826-1829).
Joseph Faillant Metis b-1826 Alberta married to Marguerite Metis b-1830
Alberta, living St. Albert, Alberta 1901.
(I)-George Linton (1800-1835) of England joined NBC (1818-1821) then HBC
(1821-1824) working Athabasca, Swan River, Districts. In (1626-1826)
assigned to Fort Edmonton then (1829-1830) back to Fort Assiniboine. James Laframboise, Metis b-1826
N.W.T., a hunter, a daughter or second marriage to Elise Metis
b-1853 N.W.T., associated children are Frank b-1883 N.W.T., John b-1884 N.W.T.,
Patrick b-1885 N.W.T., Susan b-1886 N.W.T., Riel b-1888 N.W.T., Marie b-1889
N.W.T. All living Medicine Hat, Southern Alberta 1891. James M. L'Hirondell, Metis
b-1826 N.W.T., living Calgary, Southern Alberta 1891. John McLeod (1788-1849)
departed Fort Edmonton for Kamloops, B.C. Alexis (Bob Tail) Piche,
Metis, b-1826 on the Saskatchewan River (Alberta), son Alexis Piche and
Opeh-tah-she-toy-wishk; married 1849, Pidgeon Lake (Alberta), Catherine Cardinal
aka Catherine Pierre, b-1828, Lac La Biche (Alberta), daughter, Pierre
Eia-io-wew and Marie Catherine Cardinal, b-1800 Fort Edmonton, Alberta) This
is likely the Alex Piche Metis who was hired 1841 to guide Simpson from Fort
Edmonton to Rocky Mountain House, he was brought up among the savages and was
Chief of the Mountain Cress and Simpson thought he was a half-breed.. Isabel Russell b-1826 N.W.T.
living Battle River, Alberta 1891. David Sanderson aka Little Bow, Metis,
b-1831 Red Deer and Saskatchewan River area, son Attiah Piss aka Littlebow and
Nancy Ann Whitford, Metis, b-1801; married 1842, Red River, Nancy Anderson,
Metis, b-1826, Red River daughter John Anderson, b-1804 NWT and Marie Anne
Desmarais, Metis, b-1804.
(I)-John Sturart (1780-1847) is Chief Factor Lesser Slave Lake Saskatchewan
District (1826-1827)
Simon Whiteford, Metis b-1826 Alberta married about 1882 Alberta Francis
Metis b-1855 Alberta living Pakan, Alberta 1901 likely a
son (I)-James Whiteway (1778-1838) employed HBC (1798-1823) and (II)-Ann
Monkman, Metis, (1807-1839).
After the merger of the North West Company
and the Hudson Bay Company, (II)-John Rowand (1787-1854) retained his position as Chief
Factor of Saskatchewan as well as the Edmonton Territories. (II)-John Rowand
(1787-1854) sent (II)-William
McGillivray Metis Jr. (1796-1832), and others to live with the Piegan
in order to
halt the advance of American traders from the south. Governor (I)-George Simpson
(1787-1860) an illegitimate Scot considered (II)-John Rowand (1787-1854) the most active and best qualified, for the troublesome
charge he has gotten, of any man in the Indian country. He is warm
hearted and friendly, to an extraordinary degree, to those he takes a liking to;
but on the contrary his prejudices are exceedingly strong. He has
a fiery disposition, is as strong as a lion and rules with a rod of iron.
He will not tell a lie in public, and that is very uncommon in this country.
But he has sufficient address to evade the truth when it suits his person.
Others less kind considered him a bully and a tyrant. On the positive
side, he insisted that his men provide for their Metis children and even
for their native women. (I)-George Simpson (1787-1860) an illegitimate Scot
is considered a bully and tyrant himself, holding Indians and Metis in
contempt.. It's noteworthy he disliked the Metis as they are a threat to
HBC business with their desire to be free traders..
Old Bow Fort (Morley, Alberta) was established by McDonald, Monroe, (I)-Colin
Fraser (1807-1867), John Edward, Harriet, and (II)-Jimmy Jock (James Bird) (1785-1892) the
Free Trader.. February:
Joseph La Guarde aka Lagarde, Le Guarde etc, b-1790 is at Fort Vermillion
October 14: Near Edmonton Post the plains are on fire and the Post
residents speculated that it must be either done accidentally by Joseph La
Doceur tenting with our hunters or by those roving scoundrels the Stone Indians
who have a full power of doing such an injury out of revenge. On October
9, some Stony Indians were severely reprimanded by the Chief Factor of Edmonton
House for attempting to steal horses.
Fort Edmonton, birth (II)-David Gibson, Metis, son (I)-Hugh Gibson
(1780-1869) employed HBC (1797-1824) and Indian woman.
The Hudson's Bay Company withdrew liquor from the fur trade
December 26: Likely Fort Edmonton, or Red River, baptism (II)-James Whiteway Metis
son (I)-James Whiteway (1778-1838) employed HBC (1798-1823) and (II)-Ann
Monkman, Metis, (1807-1839); married Chloe Spence .
1827 Edouaed Berland, Metis
(1800-1853) was working the Saskatchewan River as an independent. He was
next recorded in the Columbia District in 1828. Paul Blondin, b-1827, Slave
Lake (Alberta) son Pierre Blondin, b-1792 and Marie Gray, b-1795; married 1st
Marie Metis; married 2nd 1855 Esther Robillard, Metis, born October 1836 Devil's
Lake (Lac Ste Anne, Alberta) daughter Jean Baptiste Robillard and Marie Rose
Antoinette Lagimodiere, Metis b-1801 Red River. Jasper House, birth Julia
Judith Cardinal, Metis, b-1827 daughter Antoine Cardinal, Metis, b-1795 and
Marie (Godin) Demontigny Comptois b-1795, Marie epouse 1815 B.C. Peter Hogden;
married September 13, 1844 Fort Des Prairie (Fort Edmonton, Alberta), Narcisse
Morrissette. (IV)-Edward Ermatinger Metis son Edward Ermatinger (1797-1876)
and Achasah Burnham first recorded Lac La Nane (Lac La Nonne)
North West of Fort Edmonton. Many Metis are in this area about this time
fishing and freighting along the Athabasca River.. Mary Findley, b-1827, Jasper House (Alberta) married 1844 Lac
Ste Anne (Alberta) Thomas Karaconti Callihoo, Metis, (1830-1874) son Louis Kwarakwentha
Callihoo L'Iroquoise, b-1782 Quebec and Marie Katis of the Sekanaise tribe of
the Montagnais Nation. (I)-Colin Fraser of Sutherlandshire (1807-1867)
employed (HBC 1827-1867), likely married Saskatchewan District Nancy Beaudry dit
Gaudry, Metis daughter Joseph Beaudry dit Gaudry (1780-1863) and Sophie Latour (Karorwaste)
; recorded 9 children Charles Johnson b-1827 Red
River married about 1869 likely Red River Agathe Metis b-1837 Alberta living Lac
La Biche, (Alberta) 1901. Pierre L'Hyrondelle, b-1827, Lesser Slave Lake,
married to Marguerite Boucher. Antoine Houle (Hodle) Metis joined HBC
(1827-1868) MacKenzie River Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta), birth, Jean Baptiste (Kakakekamik)
Moise, Metis, b-1827, Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta), son man named Moise and Susanne Decoine,
Metis, b-1807 Lesser
Slave Lake; 1st married
1844 Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta) Charlotte Wapisiokowan; 2nd married 1856 Madeleine Abraham,
3rd marriage 1860, Therese Bethleham, 4th marriage 1869 Emilie, 5th marriage
Angelique Ducharme. This is likely an error, some marriages likely apply
to one or more of his sons Fort Carlton, on the North Saskatchewan River, birth
(III)-Carolina Small, Metis daughter (II)-Patrick Small Jr., Metis (1789-1846) and Nancy Hughes Metis Philip Tate b-1827 Red River, married about
1871 N.W.T., Ann Metis b-1839 N.W.T., living Edmonton 1901. March 20:
Fort des Prairie (near Edmonton, Alberta) birth Marie Lavallee, Metis died September
30, 1872 St Bonifice, daughter Pierre Martin Lavallee and Marie Robert dit
Lambert; married February 14, 1865 St. Boniface Joseph Bonami L'Esperance Metis son Alexis
Bonamis (Bonamie) dit L'Esperance Metis? b-1798 and Margaret Gounon aka Gournon
(Grenon) Metis (1800/-3-1871) May:
J.E. Harriott is in charge of Fort Assiniboine, so says David Douglas who
arrived there.
October 2: Fort Edmonton, birth (II)-Robert Gibson, Metis, son
(I)-Hugh Gibson (1780-1869) employed HBC (1797-1824) and Indian woman.
1828
Jeanne Beloni, Metis b-1828 N.W.T., living
Edmontron 1901.
Antoine (Mustalip) Cardinal, Metis, b-1828, Lac La Biche des Metis
(Alberta) son
Jacques Cardinal, Metis, b 1798 and Josephte Tcikak, b-1780; married 1858 Lac La
Biche (Alberta), Marie (Lafourche) Cardinal (Okisto daughter Antoine (Okeestole)
Cardinal, b-1846, Lac La Biche des Metis (Alberta) and Cecile Boucher.
Margaret Finlay, Metis, b-1828 Alberta died Montana married William (Asselin)
Ashley born before 1828 son Jean Pierre Asselin and Rosalie Cree. (II)-Richard
Grant (1793-1862) employed HBC (1816-1850) is assigned Fort Assiniboine,
Edmonton House and later Slave Lake (1828-1836). (IV)-Charles Lafleur Metis
likely son (III)-Jean Baptiste Lafleur (1785-1875) joined HBC (1828-1872)
Athanasca mostly a freeman
Marie Maifnon is born Fort Edmonton daughter
Jean Baptiste Maifnon and Iskowassis Indian Woman.
The H.B.C. returned to Fort Vermilion and remained there until modern times.
February 5: Fort Edmonton, birth (II)-James McKay (1828-1879) a Metis son (I)-James McKay Sr. of Sutherlandshire,
Scotland, a Hudson Bay Company steerman from 1816 to 1840, and Margaret Gladu
Metis, daughter of
Charles Gladu and Margaret Ross. James McKay would later marry 1859 (III)-Margaret Rowland?
(Rowand) Metis born September 5, 1825, Fort Edmonton daughter (II)-John (Ignace) Rowand
(1787-1854) and Louis Umphreville a Metis.
May 11: Colin Campbell b-1787 River Beaudette, Ontario arrived Fort
Vermilion, Alberta with (II)-Jean Baptiste (old) LaFleur Metis b-1754, interpreter since 1803, I.
Baptiste Errand, engage, Mer (Bernard) Mannville of Fort Vermilion, Charles
Lefleur, A. Page, freeman and a Beaver Indian. Passengers include C.
Campbell, wife an our six children.
August: Jasper House, (Alberta), birth, (VI)-Catherine Loyer; Metis,
(1828-1895) daughter (V)-Louis
Loyer b-1800/03 and Jenne Metis, married, 1845, Lesser Slave Lake, Jean Baptiste
L'Hyrondelle, b-1816, Lesser Slave Lake and Josephte Pilon. Fort Carlton, on
the North Saskatchewan River, birth (II)-William Small, Metis son (II)-Patrick
Small Jr., Metis (1789-1846) and Nancy Hughes
Metis
August: Likely Fort Edmonton, or Red River baptism (II)-Mary Ann
Whiteway Metis, died October 23, 1839, daughter (I)-James Whiteway
(1778-1838) employed HBC (1798-1823) and (II)-Ann Monkman, Metis,
(1807-1839).
August 27: Governor (I)-George Simpson (1787-1860) an illegitimate Scot
arrived Fort Vermilion with two canoes and
19 men on their way to New Caledonia. October 1: Fort Edmonton Joseph Lafournaise
aka Lacarte dit Laboucan (Luboucan ) b-1777/80 Quebec, a voyager, free trader
arrived with his family which consisted of 4 Stone Metis men besides his
wife (Stone Indian) a 4 young (Metis) children. This family passed the
summer between Fort Edmonton and Rocky Mountains and the heads of Bow and Red
Deer River, October 3: Fort Edmonton, our blacksmith is at
work for Laboucan aka Joseph Lafournaise aka Lacarte dit Laboucan (Luboucan )
b-1777/80
Quebec, a voyager, free trader. 1829
Elizabeth Belcourt, Metis b-1829, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), daughter, Joseph
Belcour, Metis d-1863 and Catherine L'Hyrondelle, Metis b-1793 Lesser Slave Lake
(Alberta); married 1842 Devil Lake (Lac Ste Anne, Alberta), Anne Xavier Pante,
b-1824, Red River.
Eustache Berard, Metis, b-1829/31, Fort Edmonton (Alberta) son Louis Berard,
b-1796 and Catherine Hughes, Metis, b-1799; married, 1854, Red River,
Marguerite Primeau, b-1836, Fort Alexander, N.W.T.
Marie Boucher, Metis b-1829 Alberta living Pincher Creek, Alberta 1901.
Louis Campbell Metis (1829/30-1850/65?) possible ? son Pierriche Pelletier aka
Pierre Cambpell; joined HBC (1850-1867) Fort Edmonton but working the
Saskatchewan.
Jasper House, North West Territories, birth Andre Cardinal b-1829 Jasper
House, Metis was a guide for the McMicking part of 1862.
Antoine Cataphaar (1795-1840) employed HBC (1817-1840) assigned Fort Dunvegan,
Athabasca District (1829-1833).
Baptiste Courtepatte, b-1829, Jasper House (Alberta), died after 1901, son of a
man named Courtepatte and Jane Bruyere; married December 28, 1850, Lac Ste Anne
(Alberta), Josephte Belcourt, Metis born October 5, 1833, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta),
died after 1901. daughter Joseph Belcour, Metis d-1863 and Catherine
L'Hyrondelle, Metis b-1793 daughter Jacques L'Hyrondelle and Josephte Pilon.
Jasper Hawse built Jasper House at the north end of Brule Lake for the HBC.
The NWC had established their first Jasper trading place in 1801. Kenneth McDonald
b-1829 Scotland, married about 1869 likely Fort Edmonton, Emma Metis b-1833
Alberta, living Edmonton 1901. Antoine Morin (1797-1857) is at Slave Lake this
year. Isabelle Plante, Metis b-1829 Alberta mother
Gaspard Plante b-1875 (1865?) Alberta, living Lac Ste Anne 1901. Fort Pitt was
established this year on the North Saskatchewan River between Fort Callton and
Fort Edmonton. (II)-John Pruden, Metis born 1829 Carlton House on the
Saskatchewan River son (I)-Jean Peter Pruden (1778-1868) and Nancy Cree Indian
Woman (1785-1837) It was
estimated that 10,000 (likely exaggerated) bison (buffalo) carcasses lay mired in a
single ford of the Saskatchewan River contaminating the air for many miles. January
5: Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta), birth Rosaline L'Hyrondelle, Metis daughter Jacques
L'Hyrondelle (L'Hirondelle) Metis and Josephine Pilon, Metis or Indian; married September 1847,
Lac Ste Anne (Alberta), (II)-John Patrick Cunningham, Metis, b-1815, Red River des Metis
(Manitoba), or b-1811/1818 IIe La Crosse, Saskatchewan District son
(I)-Patrick Cunningham, (1789/94-1831) an Irishman and (II)-Nancy Ann Bruce, Metis
(1794-1859) . The children from this second marriage of Cunningham
were July 15:
North Saskatchewan River in the Rocky Mountains (Alberta), birth Louis Pelletier
or Campbell, Metis, son Pierriche (Pierre) Pelletier or Campbell and Marguerite
Cardinal; married 1845, Fort Jasper (Alberta), Marie Karaconti.
(IV)-Sophia Finlay
Metis b-1842
(IV)-Isadore Finlay Metis b-1847
(IV)-Caroline Finlay Metis b-1854
(IV)-Rosette Finlay Metis b-1857
Toussaint Savoyard and Indian wife
Bazil David b-1780
Thos Conor
Eustache Roussin Metis (Interpreter)
Baptst Beaudrie Metis (Interpreter)
Seraphin Lamare
Jean Baptiste La Garde Metis (Interpreter)
Joseph La Garde
John McBean
Joseph Beaudoin and Indian wife
Jos: Constant
Jean Marie Nantais
Etienne Contois
Francois Boucher Metis (Interpreter)
Pierre Rivet
James Grant
Toussaint Laronde
Paul Provost
Renau
Antoine Saucier
Pierre Caraire
Baptiste Cardinal
Amable Durocher
Vincent Roy Metis (Interpreter)
William Morrison
Jacques Bezeau
Pierre (Pierriche & Puerriche) Delorme b-1813, married
1835 Angele Bourassa b-1805
(IV)-Jean Baptiste Lafleur Metis b-1811.
Jean Smith Metis b-1805 Athabasca which implies he was likely
born Athabasca?
Andre Carriere Metis b-1807 Red River, married 1830 Marie
Anne Rivard b-1809 Red River
Francis Dagnault b-1869 N.W.T.
Dolfhis Dagnault b-1873 N.W.T.
1st married 1800 Red River Josrphte Indian and had 3 daughters who he abandoned
Marie Antoinette Rose Lagimodiere Metis b-1801 Red River/Pembina,
married Jean Baptist Robillard
Elisabeth Lagimodiere Metis b-1803 Red River/Pembina
LeReine Lagimodiere Metis b-1807 Red River/Pembina
2nd marriage Marie Anne Gaboury (1780-1875) Metis?
Reine Laginodiere Metis? b-1807 Red River/Pembina
Jean Baptiste Lagimodiere Metis b-1807 Fort Meadows
(Fort Augustus, Edmonton)
Julie Lagimodiere Metis b-1809 Fort Meadows (Fort
Augustus, Edmonton)
Marie Josette (Cypress) Lagimodiere Metis? b-1810 Cypress
Hills, bapt 1818 married Alexis Nault Metis b-1815
Benjamin Lagimodiere Metis? b-1811
Apolline (Pauline)Lagimodiere Metis? b-1813
North Branch House was built by the H.B.C. on the North Saskatchewan River at
the mouth of the Brazeau River and likely closed 1808.
(1807-1808) Kootenae House
(1808-1809) Rocket Mountain House, where he wintered, April 29, 1809, wife died
in Rockies leaving 4 kids.
(1813-1814) Fort George, Columbia District
(1814-1816) Columbia River.
One recorded child was
Marguerite Lucier Metis b-1814, must be a baptism date or
another child from another marriage?
Marie Lucier Metis died before 1852), who married Jean
Baptiste Gervais in the Flathead country, may have been another daughter.
The names of the other two children have not been traced.
1808 Jean Baptiste Lamoureux a Creole Metis d-1814, from Louisiana joined NWC
(1808-1814) at Maskinoonge, Quebec.
In 1808/1809 he traveled with David Thompson (1770-1857) and Alexander Henry
(1764-1814) from Boggy Hall/White Earth house to the Stony Mountains (Rocky
Mountains).
Boggy Hall Post is on the North Saskatchewan just above Blue Rapids at
the mouth of the Brazeau River.
September 28, 1811 he went down the Columbia from Canoe River to meet Finan
McDonald (1782-1851).
August 5, 1814 he departed Fort George, Columbia District with Ross Cox party
for the Dalles where they were attacked by the Indians and Lamoureux was killed.
RECORDED CHILDREN most born (Alberta) but some likely born York Factory.
(some suggest this involves many wives.)
(III)-James Bird 3rd, Metis, born
North Saskatchewan River District or York Factory.
(III)-John Bird, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District or York Factory
(III)-William Bird, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District.
(III)-Elizabeth, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District.
(III)-Edward Bird, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District.
(III)-Mary Bird, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District.
(III)-Letitia Bird, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District.
(III)-Maria Bird, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District.
(III)-Charles Bird, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District.
(III)-Joseph Bird, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District.
(III)-Thomas Bird, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District.
(III)-Alfred Bird, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District.
(III)-Phillip Bird, Metis, born North
Saskatchewan River District.
(II)-Elixabeth (Betsy) Flett Metis bapt 1825, married
(I)-Robert Rowland HBC (1801-1821) on Saskatchewan (1814-1821)
(II)-Peter Flett Metis bapt 1824, married 1834 (I)-Euphemia
Halcrow Metis bapt 1820, daughter (I)-Thomas Halcrow (1781/85-1856) and Mary
Southward Indian
(II)-Anne (Nancy) Flett Metis bapt 1824, married (I)-William
Gibson b-1788
(II)-William Flett Metis bapt 1824
Madeline David Metis b-1804,
A Clement was found at Fort Vermillion with Alexander Henry in
1809-1810 with a wife and a small family of two Metis Children likely the son of
Alexander Clement Sr. NWC (1799-1806) but mostly free trader.
(II)-John Flett Metis bapt 1834 at the Rapids (St Andrews)
(II)-Archibald Flett Metis bapt 1834 at the Rapids (St
Andrews)
(II)-James Flett Metis bapt 1834 at the Rapids (St Andrews)
(II)-Sally Flett Metis bapt 1834 at the Rapids (St Andrews)
Some believe the White Earth posts were Fort Augustus and Edmonton house
relocated from Edmonton.
(III)-Jane Whitford Metis bapt 1821 married 1838 Samuel
Spence
(III)-John Whitford Metis bapt 1824
(III)-Mary Whitford Metis bapt 1826 d-1833 age 6
(III)-James Whitford Metis bapt 1830
(III)-Peter Whitford Metis bapt 1832
(III)-Sally Whitford Metis bapt 1834)
(III)-Francois Whitford Metis bapt 1836
(III)-Andrew Whitford Metis bapt 1838
(III)-Margaret Whitford Metis bapt 1841
(III)-Donald Whitdford Metis bapt 1844
(III)-Nancy Whitford Metis 1848
Old Fort Augustus (Edmonton) planted a barley
crop that failed.
Desjarlix out
hunting
Seven men out
to raise dog train (travaille)
Four men
laying out canoes and cleaning the fort
Willy Flats's
boy is very sick
Pichette is
among those at the Fort
Joseph Beaudry Jr Metis (1809-1881)
Nancy Beaudry dit Gaudry married (I)-Colin Fraser (1807-1867)
Jean Bapriste Belcourt Metis b-1820 married Cecile Calliho (Callihoo)
Iroquoise b-1834 Peace River.
Joseph Belcourt Metis b-1823, married, 1846/47, Fort des Prairies (Edmonton, Alberta), Madeleine Sapin dit Campion
Metis daughter Joseph Sapin dit Campion, b-1797 and Marie Nepissing, b-1810.
Alex Belcour Metis b-1826 married Nancy Rowand b-1832
Elizabeth Balcourt Metis b-1829 Lesser Slave Lake married
1842 Xavier Plante Lac St Anne
Josephte Belcourt Metis b-1833 Lesser Slave Lake
Archange Balcour Metis b-1840 Lesser Slave Lake married 1857
Lac Saint Anne Jean Baptiste Short Metis b-1834 Red River d-1874
Jean Balcour Metis b-1844 Lesser Slave Lake married Olive
Callo Metis b-1852 Fort Edmonton
Ange Belcourt Metis b-1835 married (VI)-Louis Loyer b-1831/32
Fort Assiboine
Pierre (Joseph) Felix Larocque Metis Jr. b-1802
Louis Majeau joined HBC (1821-1823) Athabasca and Norway
house, a possible son?
(I)-James Spence b-1779 joined HBC (1797-1818) York and (1811-1818)
Saskatchewan, retired Red River
1st married Indian woman
(II)-Robert Spence Metis bapt 1822 Red River
(II)-Betsy Spence Metis bapt 1822 Red River
(II)-Charlotte Spence Metis bapt 1822 Red River
(II)-Ellen Spence Metis bapt 1822 Red River married (II)-Jeramiah Cook
b-1823
2nd marriage 1822 Red River Jane Morwick epouse Oman Norquay d-1820
(II)-Nancy Norquay Metis bapt 1822 Red River
(II)-William Norquay Metis bapt 1822 Red River
(II)-Isabella Norquay Metis bapt 1822 Red River
(II)-James Norquay Metis bapt 1822 Red River
(II)-John Norquay Metis bapt 1822 Red River
(II)-Joseph Spence Metis bapt 1826 Red River
(II)-Catherine Spence Metis bapt 1829 Red River
1st married Mary Park died before 1823
(II)-John Whiteway Metis bapt 1823
(III)-Catherine Campbell Metis b-1815 married 1837 Benjamin
McKenzie Metis (1807-1837); 2nd marriage William Clouston b-1823 Red River
(III)-Mary Campbell Metis b-1826 Fort Chipewayn (daughter of
a Cree woman); married (III)-James William Sinclair Metis (1806-1856), 2nd
marriage Nathen Olney
(III)-Flora Campbell Metis b-1832/36 d-1872, married 1856 Red
River (II)-John Taylor Metis (1834-1935
(III)-Margaret Campbell Metis b-1833 Red River married 1856
the Dalls, Columbia District, William C. McKay Metis
(III)-Richard Duncan Campbell Metis b-1843 Fort Chipewyan,
married 1865 (III)-Francoise Jane Thomas bapt 1844
Francois Lucier Metis Jr (1796-1866) NWC (1818-1821) Fort Des
Prairies, HBC (1821-1842) Saskatchewan River, died Red River.
Toussant Lucier Metis b-1798 Montreal joined NWC (1817-1821)
location not listed, HBC (1821-1830) Red River
(IV)-Marie Rowand Metis b-1849 Fort Pitt
(IV)-Adelaide Rowand Metis b-1852 Fort Pitt married John Balsille
(IV)-Margaret Louisa Rowand Metis b-1857 Red River married Andrew
Robert James Bannatyne
(IV)-John James Alexander Rowand Metis bapt 1861 Red River died
before age 21.
(IV)-unnamed Rowand Metis d-1862 Red River
(IV)-Edward Robert Tache Rowand Metis bapt-1864
(IV)-William Rowand Metis Red River
Joseph II Pin Metis b-1827
Nancy Pin Metis b-1830
Jean Baptiste (cPin Metis b-1833
François Pin Metis b-1836
Marguerite Pin Metis (1839-1925).
When widow Marguerite died in 1851, daughter Marguerite (1839-1925) was made a
ward of Dr. John McLoughlin in Oregon City.
(II)-James Whitford Jr. Metis b-1796 bapt 1820 married 1820
Red River Mary Spence
(II)-Peter Whitford Metis bapt 1820
(II)-Margaret (Peggy) Whitford Metis bapt 1823 married George
Flett
(II)-Francis Whitford Metis bapt 1824 married Mary Chlory
b-1825
(III)-James Whitford Metis bapt
1828
(An Antoine Desjarlais, from Lac St-Francis, signed a contract on January 29,
1793 with the NWC [D. P. Grant] to work in the northern area;
An Antoine Desjarlais, from Montreal, signed a contract on December 23, 1795
with Alexandre & James [NWC] to work in the north.
Other Desjarlais' from the NWC contract sheets are from Riviere du Loup - François,
Charles & Moise signed on in 1792, 1808 and 1819 respectively.)
A former guide for the NWC who had been free since 1805, Desjarlais was
encountered by Gabriel Franchere in 1814 at Lac La Biche on his return to Canada
from the coast.
On June 5, 1814, Desjarlais provided the party with provisions.
On June 6th, Franchere saw that Desjarlais was living contentedly with his
family at Lac la Biche and hunting for food. Desjarlais asked Franchere to read
two letters from his sisters in Varennes, letters which he had held onto for two
years waiting for someone who could read.
This may be the same Antoine Desjarlais who contracted with the HBC on May 28,
1828 as an interpreter for two years and included work in the Columbia
Department. By May 1833, an Antoine Desjarlais, perhaps not the same, was
contracted to work elsewhere as a post master or interpreter.
Marguerite Brabant alias Salois, Metis, born 1815, Fort Edmonton (Fort Augustus/Meadows ?)
(Alberta ) daughter Augustin Brabant
and Angelique Sucier (Lucier), Metis, b-1800; married Joseph Edward Brazeau.
All dates are baptised dates, some of these were likely born Athabasca;
(III)-William Cook Metis bapt-1824
(III)-Sally (Sarah) Cook Metis bapt-1824
(III)-Henry Cook Metis bapt-1824
(III)-Elizabeth Cook Metis-bapt 1824
(III)-Mary Cook Metis bapt-1824
1st. married (churched) 1841 Fort Langly, Elizabeth Kwothe
(1807/17-1843)
Felicite Delonie Metis b-1832, bapt 1843
Catherine Delonis Metis b-1834, bapt 1843
2nd married 1844 Cowlitz Marie Cowlitz b-1829
Mary Delonie Metis (1845-1924)
Adelaide Delonie Metis (1847-1909)
Married (II)-Francoise (Jean-Jane) Ballenden Metis (1790/1800-1889)
daughter (I)-John Ballenden b-1757 and Cree Indian.
(II)-Francoise (Frances) Ballenden Lewes Metis b-1812
Cumberland House, widowed 1870
(II)-Adolphus Lewes Metis (1821-1856) educated England
(1826-1839) joined HBC (1839-1853)
(II)-Albert Lewes Metis bapt 1833 Oxford House
(II)-Federic (Frederick) Lewes Metis bapt 1833 Oxford House
(II)-Emma Lewes Metis bapt 1835 Oxford House
(II)-John George Lewes Metis bapt 1835 Oxford House
(II)-Elizabeth Lee Lewes Metis bapt (1837-1897) married 1872 (I)-William Douglas Lane (1819-1882)
(II)-Nancy (Anne) Lee Lewes Metis bapt ( 1842-1930)
Juliet Naut b-1848 Fort Edmonton 1st mattied 1863 St Albert
Benjamin Bellerose born 1842 Slave Lake d-1870; 2nd marriage 1873 St. Albert
Michael Plante b-1851 Fort Pitt, (Saskatchewan)
(II)-James Setter Metis bapt 1821
(II)-George Setter Metis bapt 1821
(II)-Margaret Setter Metis bapt 1821
(II)-Isabella Setter Metis bapt 1821
(II)-Elizabeth Setter Metis bapt 1822 married 1840 Red River
Robert William Miller (1798-1843)
(II)-Anne Setter Metis bapt 1824 married (I)-William Scott
(1815-1874)
(II)-Catherine Setter Metis bapt 1827
(II)-Thomas Setter Metis bapt 1830
(II)-Mary Setter Metis bapt 1834
(II)-John Setter, Metis, bapt 1836 married 1857
(II)-Elizabeth Gowler bapt English girl daughter (I)-Pliver Gowler (1813-1865)
and (I)-Mary an English woman
1st Louise Techelis (Chehalin) b-1822 bapt & married 1839 Fort Vancouver,
d-1840, daughter Owyhee and Chinook mother
Jean Baptiste Bouchard Metis b-1831, bapt 1843 married
Harriet Provo (Prevost)
2nd marriage 1842 Fort Vancouver Angelique Okanaya daughter of Hawaiian father
and a Chinook woman.
Cyprien Bouchard Metis b-1844
Oliver Bouchard Metis
Edmond Brisbois Metis
Michel Brisbois Metis
Edward Brisbois Metis
Ann Brisbois Metis
Charlott Brisbois Metis
Adelaide Brisbois Metis
Thérèse Brisbois Metis
(II)-William McDonald Metis bapt 1834 Red River
(II)-John McDonald Metis bapt 1834 Red River
(II)-Alexander McDonald Metis bapt 1834 Red River
(II)-Isabella McDonald Metis bapt 1834 Red River
(II)-Donald McDonald Metis bapt 1834 Red River
(II)-Adam McDonald Metis bapt 1835 Red River
(II)-Joseph (Joe) McDonald Metis bapt 1837 Red River
(1837-1921) married Margaret or Marguerite Gaudry dit Beaudry Metis
(II)-Jean McDonald Metis bapt 1838 Red River
(II)-Duncan McDonald Metis bapt 1840 Red River
(II)-Margaret McDonald Metis bapt 1842 Red River
(II)-Catherine McDonald Metis bapt 1844 Red River
(II)-Jessie McDonald Metis bapt 1847 Red River
(II)-Mary McDonald Metis bapt 1850 Red River
Dominique Farron aka Frarron b-1798 employed HBC (1815-1840) assigned
Athabasca (1816-1821)
Married 1st. 1824 York Factory Mary
Anne Berland aka Breland, Burleigh Metis (c. 1824?-1835) daughter Breland aka
Berland (1760-1829) and Louise Belly Indian and together they had at least three
boys,
(III)-Richard Grant Metis Jr. b-1825 York Factory
(III)-Charles William Grant Metis b-1826 York Factory
(III)-John Francis Grant Metis b-1833 Edmonton House
(III)-daughter Grant Metis d-1846 after she married in
Montreal and shortly after his mother died
Mary Anne Berland died in 1834 or 1835. and he took his children to
Montreal to be raised by his mother and sister
Marriage (affair?) 2nd (1827-1828) Oxford House local woman
(III)-an unnamed son Grant Metis b-1827/28 Oxford House he
tried to bring this son to Fort Hall, could be Joseph Richard
Grant?
Married 3rd March 29, 1845, Fort Hall Helen Kittson McDonald Metis (1810-1863)
daughter Finan McDonald and Charlotte Pend'oreille a Spokane, and the widow of
William Kittson. Three of their children were
(III)-Hélène Wilhelmine Grant Metis (1846-1862),
(III)-Julia Priscilla Grant Metis b-1848
(III)-Adelina Grant Metis b-1850.
Antoine Lamprant Metis (1823-1909) likely raised Red River,
joined HBC (1840-1870) Thompson River (Kamloops)
Nancy
McKenzie children
(II)-Mary McTavish, Metis b-1817, John assigned Athabasca at
this time
(II)-Floria McKenzie, Metis baptized 1822, John assigned York
Factory, during this time
(II)-Margaret McKenzie, Metis baptized 1823, John
assigned York Factory, during this time
(II)-Ann McKenzie, Metis baptized 1826, John assigned
York Factory, during this time
(II)-Grace McKenzie, Metis baptized 1826, John assigned
York Factory, during this time
It was common practice for children to call upon their father to get educated,
find husbands or employed, on the other hand they could have been born in York
Factory?
Recorded children are:
(III)-Andrew Dominique Pambrun Metis b-1821 York Factory, married Marie
(Mary) Cook (1824-1912)
(III)-Pierre Chrysologue Pambrun Jr. Metis b-1824 Lesser
Slave Lake, bapt 1835 Red River
(III)-Thomas Pambrun Metis (1832-1896) born Walla Walla married 1st. Shoshone,
2nd Jane Tenday Indian
(III)-John Pambrun Metis
(III)-Alexander Pambrun Metis
(III)-Maria Pambrun Metis
(III)-Ada Pambrun Metis
(III)-Harriet Pambrun Metis
(III)-Sarah Pambrun Metis married Harriet, Sarah
Joseph Salois b-1800 Yamaska, Quebec joined NWC (1816-1821) & HBC
(1821-1842) Saskatchewan River District, settler Red River but he wasn’t
listed on 1843 census. It would appear he went to Fort Edmonton area to settle.
He married Angelique Lucier (Sucier) Metis b-1800 daughter Joseph
Lucier and Wewepihawish Cree. Her
2nd marriage Augustin Brabant
Joseph Abraham Salois, Metis, born 1830 Fort Edmonton d-1903; married
1848 Lac Ste Anne, Susanne Bouvette,
b-1828, Fort Edmonton (Alberta) daughter Francois Bouvette and Suzanne Lucier; 2nd
marriage Susanna Duhamel Metis b-1814
Marguerite Salois Metis, b-1815, Fort Edmonton, (Alberta) d-1885, married
Augustin Brabant and Joseph Edward Brazeau (1812-1871)
Marguerite Julie Brabant Brazeau Metis b-1848 Fort Assiniboine 1st
married Joseph Edward Brazeau, 2nd married 1867 Mountain Fort (I)-George Gullion
b-1833
Marguerite Bouvier Metis
Joseph Bouvier Metis Jr. b-1851 married 1876 Fort Providence
Marguerite Laferte b-1854 Red River
Jean Baptiste Bouvier Metis b-1855 Fort Simpson married 1884
Fort Providence Marie Laferte Metis b-1879 Fort Rae
Catherine Bouvier Metis b-1856 Fort Simpson married Louis
Laferte Lanix b-1876 Fort Providence
Marie Madeleine Bouvier Metis b-1862 Fort Simpson married
1879 Fort Providence Boniface Laferte b-1851 Red River
(II)-John Cunningham Metis born Feb 16, 1818, d-1870, married
1837 Jane Work; 1841 Margaret Mondion; 2nd marriage 1846 Rosalie L'Hirondelle daughter
Jacques L'Hirondelle Metis and Josette Pilon Metis/Indian
(II)-Edward Cunningham Metis born August 28, 1820
(II)-James Cunningham Metis born November 20, 1822
(II)-Mary Cunningham Metis baptized August 27, 1826
(II)-Nancy Cunningham Metis baptized August 14, 1833
(II)-Catherine Cunningham Metis baptized August 14,
1833
Julia Daniel, Metis b-1817 Athabasca, living Strathcona, (Alberta) 1901.
(III)-Nancy Flett Metis b-1845
(III)-William Flett Metis b-1852
(III)-James Flett Metis b-1856
(III)-Jean E. Flett Metis b-1858
(III)-Alfred J. Flett Metis b-1862
(III)-Llewellan Flett Metis (1866-1877)*
(III)-Ann S. Flett Metis (1868-1877)*
Killed in gunpowder explosion
(II)-Edward Heron
(II)-Jane Mary Heron
(II)-Frances Heron
(II)-Jemima Heron
(II)-Catherine Heron
(II)-George Heron
Francois Macredi Metis b-1830/31 joined HBC (1845-1852)
Mackinzie River
1838 & 1840 1 Metis son under 16, 1 Metis daughter over
15
1843 1 Metis son under 17 1 Metis daughter under 15
(II)-William Sinclair, Metis. (1794-1868) who
joined HBC in 1810 is posted Fort Waterloo, Lesser Slave Lake (Alberta).
He was the son (I)-William Sinclair of Scotland and Margaret Nahoway Cree.
(II)-John Bell Jr. Metis (1826-1857) joined HBC (1838-1857)
married 1856 Fort Langley Nathalle Quyilen (Kwanthan)
(III)-John Bell Metis (1848-1854)
(II?)-John Bell Metis possible the son of a son of (I)-John
joined HBC (1887-1895) Mackenzie River, married (III)-Mary Knight Metis daughter
Thomas Knight (1761-1797) and Sarah Martin Metis (1756-1816)
Christine Bell married (I)-Angustus
Richard Peers b-1853
Floria Bell married (II)-Joseph
Finlayson Metis (1830-1901)
married 1837 Fort Assiniboine Jane Work Metis
unnamed Cunningham Metis girl bapt 1838
married 1841 Rocky Mountain House, Margaret Mondion
married 1846 Lac Ste Anne, Rosalie L'Hirondelle they had 11 children
(III)-Samuel Cunningham Metis b-1848 Devils Lake aka Lac Ste
Anne married 1869 Big Lake aka St. Albert Susanne Gray Metis b-1855 Lac Ste Anne
married 1837 Fort Assiniboine Jane Work Metis
(III)-unnamed Cunningham Metis girl bapt 1838
married 1841 Rocky Mountain House, Margaret Mondion
married 1846 Lac Ste Anne, Rosalie L'Hirondelle they had 11 children
(III)-Catherine Cunningham Metis (1848-1848), this might
be Jane Works child?
(III)-Samuel Cunningham Metis (1848-1919), born Devils
Lake aka Lac Ste Anne married Big Lake aka St. Albert Susanne Gray Metis
b-1855 Lac Ste Anne
(III)-John Cunningham Metis (1851-1904),
(III)-James (Cunningham Metis 1854-1940),
(III)-Albert Cunningham Metis (1856-1925),
(III)-Nancy Cunningham Metis (1858-1918),
(III)-Edward Cunningham Metis (1862-1920),
(III)-Daniel (David) Cunningham Metis (1864-1955),
(III)-Rachel Cunningham Metis (1866-1881),
(III)-Henry Cunningham Metis (1868-1955)
(III)-Alf (Alfred) Cunningham Metis (1868-1936).
(III)-Jamuel Cunningham Metis b-1871
(1816-1817) Fort William
(1818-1819) Peace River
(1819-1820) Athabasca
(1823-1825) Columbia District
(1825-1870) east of rockies
Married 1825 Red River Margaret Gounon aka Gournon (Grenon) Metis (1800/-3-1871)
daughter Joseph Gounon and Nowananikkwee.
Children recorded:
Baptiste Bruce Bonamis dit L'Esperance Metis
Joseph Bonamis dit L'Esperance Metis married Marie Lavallee
(1827-1872)
Jean Baptiste LaRance (LaFrance) b-1790 NWT in Red River in 1838
Francois LaFrance b-1791 joined HBC (1827-1828) from Montreal assigned New
Caledonia
Bazil LaRance b-1799 joined HBC (1826-1827) Fort Vancouver
Supplie Larance b-1808 joined HBC (1831-1851) New Caledonia
Theodore Larance b-1811 joined HBC (1832-1854 Columbia District
Bazil Larance (LaRance - LaFrance) b-1795/98 (from Berthier Country in Western
Quebec) joined HBC (1816-1818) Montreal, assigned (1818-1819) Peace River
District, (1819-1820) Fort Wedderburn (aka Fort Chipewyan) Athabasca District
altered between noth Districts (1820-1826), (1827-1828) traveled York Factory,
Saskatchewan District and Columbia District; (1828-1847) Saskatchewan District
Fort Edmonton, Fort Carlton, retired Red River 1847; married Agathe Michel
L'Iroquoise
Basile Larance Metis b-1831 Columbia District married
Marguerite Desjardins
Charles Larance Metis b-1834 Fort Edmonton d-1872 Pembina
married Marie Anbichion
Iean Baptiste Larance Metis b-1836 Fort Edmonton married
Josephte Hamelin b-1839
Joseph Larance Metis b-1842 NWT married Clara Farquarhson
b-1847 daughter John Ferguson (Farquarhson) (1809-1875) and Monique Hamlin
b-1832 Pembina
(I)-George Linton (1800-1835) of England joined NBC (1818-1821) then HBC
(1821-1824) working Athabasca, Swan River, Districts.
4 Metis sons under 16 yrs in 1840, 2
sons over 16, by 1843
2 Metis daughters under
16, yrs in 1840
5 Metis sons under 16 yrs listed in 1843
(II)-Hannah McPherson, Metis, d-1846,
(II)-Joseph
Edward McPherson, Metis, (1826-1874) born MacKenzie River
(II)-Alexander McPherson, Metis,
(II)-Murdo (Murdoch) McPherson, Metis, b-1839 Fort
Simpson
(1817-1818) Cumberland House
(1818-1821) Fort Edmonton
(1821-1823) New Caledonia
(1823-1826) York Factory
1826 Red River
(II)-Elizabeth Work Metis
(II)-Anne Work Metis
Married November 6, 1849 Josette Legace a Spokane Metis daughter Pierre Legrace
and Emma Indian (Nez Perce)
(II)-Jane Work Metis born December 25, 1827 Fort Colvile,
(Alberta) d-1880, married February 19, 1850, W. Tolmie
(II)-Sarah Work Metis born November 1829 Fort Colvile,
(Alberta), d-1906 married December 14, 1849 R. Findlayson (1818-1892)
1819
Marie Larocque Metis
Etienne Biernais Larocque Metis
Angelique Larocque Metis, married 1853 Martin Bonenfant
Olivier Larocque Metis b-1843
Basile Larocque Metis b-1847
Genevieve Larocque Metis (1849-1851)
Pierre Larocque Metis b-1852/55
(II)-Allan McDonell Metis
(II)-Alexander McDonell Metis who joined HBC 1826 and he
married daughter John McKay Metis , had 2 Metis kids
(II)-Sophia McDonell Metis (1811-1835) married 1834 John
Livingston (1808-1847)
(II)-Margaret McDonell Metis (1825-1835)
(II)-T. Jones McDonell Metis
(II)-Angus C. McDonell Metis
(II)-John McDonell Metis was in prison 1852 and Allen
arranged passage for him to Australia.
Mother and two Metis daughters at Red River 1836
Michel Allery Metis Jr. HBC (1818-1822) Peace River &
Athabasca
Louison Allery Metis b-1800 married Marie Margurite
Destarlais Metis b-1805
Jean Marie Bohemier b-1776 married 1809 Marie Latour
Charles Bohemier
Isidore Bohemier bapt 1786
1st married Marie Louise
Garneau
2nd married about 1837 at Red River Catherine Minsey (1814-1869)
Isidore Boucher b-1833/38
Jean Baptiste Boucher (1838-1911)
Louis Boucher
b-1841
Joseph Boucher b-1846
Hilaire Boucher b-1849
Marguerite Derosier Metis b-1845
Marie Derosier Metis b-1847
Marie Anne Derosier Metis b-1850
Louis Derosier Metis b-1850
Joseph Derosier Metis b-1854
Julie Derosier Metis b-1853
Madeleine Derosier Metis b-1856
Samauel Derosier Metis
(I)-Thomas Firth 1796/1799 joined HBC (1815-1834) Red River, Swan River, Fort
Hibernia, Beaver Creek, Moose Lake and Fort Edmonton in 1820, married 1838 Grand
Rapids Church (St. Andrews) Elizabeth Indian bapt 1837
(II)-Charles Firth Metis bapt 1834
(II)-Elizabeth Firth Metis bapt 1834, married 1848 John
Corrigal
(II)-William Firth Metis bapt 1834, d-1842
(II)-Charlotte Firth Metis bapt 1835
(II)-Elizabeth (Betsy) Firth Metis bapt 1837, d-1842
(II)-Mary Firth Metis bapt 1839
(II)-Ann Firth Metis bapt 1841
(II)-Jane Firth Metis bapt 1844
Angele Gilbault Metis b-1830 Saskatchewan River
Genevieve Gilbault Metis b-1832 Saskatchewan River
Noel Emmanuel Louis Gilbault Metis b-1838 Saskatchewan River
Marguarite Gilbault Metis b-1839 Saskatchewan River
Andre Gilbault Metis b-1840 Saskatchewan River
Archange Gilbault Metis b-1835 Saskatchewan River
Sophie Gilbault Metis b-1842 Saskatchewan River
(I)-George Simpson (1787/92-1860) an illegitimate Scot, son George Simpson
d-1860 Lachine near Montreal. He likely had an inferiority complex because
of the nature of his birth and lack of stature. This might also account
for his distain of women. Joined HBC (1817-1860) sent men he didn't like to New
Caledonia (British Columbia) He established policy that his officers make
alliances (country marriages) with important Indian families to improve
trade. In exchange for their daughters, the Indians would have access to
supplies from the forts. Other accounts suggest he forbid his junior men from
marrying Indians or Metis unless it was his cast offs of which 6 were known. The Hudson Bay Company policy was that a man was
not legally bound to these relationships when he moved to another post, as there
was no longer an economic advantage. He was however expected to maintain
the woman and her Metis children until she was "under the protection of
another" or in a new relationship with another man. The agreement
from a H.B.C. perspective was that of a mistress, concubine not as a
wife. (I)-Sir George Simpson (1787/92-1860) an illegitimate Scot, was a vile man when it came to
country women. He referred to them as bits of brown, commodities and brown
jugs when he referred to them at all. He disrespected the customs of the
country. He abandoned his own women with no concern for their feelings and
showed only minor concern for his Metis children. By modern standards he
would be considered as a psychopath. Most of the Men of the North West
Company did not endorse this uncivilized H.B.C. policy however many Scottish and
English traders followed the example of Simpson. Some
considered him as 'quite mad'. Others suggest he had an inferiority
complex because of his short stature.
He was described as cold hearted. The people called him "the Little
Emperor". He wore a top hat and long black coat and had a piper, pipe
him into posts. He took a hard line with the Indian people, their
character and nature demanded "a proper state of subordination".
Bottom line he was a repugnant man with morals of an alley cat. He was a
serious bigamist who abandoned wives and children. That he was knighted
speaks loudly about British values concerning authoritarian dictatorship at this
time.
He arrived Quebec 1820 and proceeded directly to Athabasca
(Alberta).
He became Governor of Rupert's Land and Columbia District hor HBC.
He maintained homes in Red River and Lachine, Montreal, Quebec.
He married at least 7 times; He paradoxically, opposed marriages between
other fur traders and Indian or Metis women.
Wife #1 is unrecorded, in Scotland but known abandoned children are:
(II)-Marie Louisa Simpson b-1815 Scotland married
Donald McTavish
(II)-Isabella Simpson b-1817 Scotland married
James Cook Gordon
Wife #2 is (II)-Elizabeth Betsy Sinclair
daughter (I)-William Sinclair and Margaret (Nahoway Cree) she was passed off to
(I)-Robert Seaborn Miles Sr. (1795-1870) in 1822, wife and daughter was
abandoned.
(II)-Maria Simpson Miles Metis (1822-1838), daughter
(II)-Elizabeth; she married Robert Wallace
Wife #3 goes unrecorded and were also abandoned;
(II)-James Keith Simpson Metis b-1823
(II)-Unamed Simpson Metis
Wife #4 is (II)-Maria ( Betsey) Miles Metis d-1838 daughter (I)-Robert Seaborn
Miles (1795-1870) and Elizabeth Betsay Sinclair Metis (1805-1822), this wife and
children were also adandoned.
(II)-Mary Keith Simpson Metis
(II)-Ann Foster Simpson Metis
(II)-Margaret Simpson Metis
Wife #5 about 1826 Margaret Taylor (1810-1816), wife and children were abandoned
and he didn't have the common courtesy of telling her he had remarried.
(II)-George Stewart Simpson Metis (1827-1894)
(II)-John Simpson Metis b-1829
Married his 6th wife about 1830 Cousin Frances Ramsey Simpson (1812-1853)
daughter Feddes MacKenzie Simpson and they came to New York, then on to
Montreal, then on to Red River (1830-1833). Non white wives were not
welcome in the Simpson household. This caused great consternation in the
Red River des Metis community. Frances would would discover her husband
was a not a very warm and loving personality. She likely discovered he had
many wives and she was no different. They were forced to relocate to
Lachine in 1834, due to harassment by the Metis community. She soon
retreated to England 1840 but returned to Lachine Quebec in 1845 and died there
1853
(II)-George Geddes Simpson (1831-1832)
(II)-Francois Webster Fanny Simpson b-1833
(II)-Augusta D'Este Gussy Simpson b-1841
(II)-Margaret Mackenzie (Maggie)
b-1843
(II)-unnamed Simpson Metis? daughter, may belong to Lachine
girl?
(II)-unnamed Simpson Metis? daughter, May belong to Lachine
girl
Married his 7th wife a Lachine girl
(II)-John Henry Pelly Simpson Metis? b-1850
(II)-William Rowland Metis Jr. b-1827
(II)-John Rowland Metis b-1833 Cumberland House, joined HBC
(1853-1869) Saskatchewan River, then freeman
(II)-Emma Rowland Metis
(III)-Mary Brass Metis b-1821 Edmonton House
(III)-Peter Brass Metis b-1824 Fort Pelly, Swan River
(III)-Sarah Brass Metis b-1825 Fort Pelly, Swan River
(III)-Elizabeth Brass Metis b-1836 Fort Pelly, Swan River,
married 1852 Fort Edmonton, George Donnell Donald
(III)-William Brass Metis
(III)-Therese Brass Metis
(III)-Thomas Brass Metis
Colin Campbell (1787-1853) from Ontario, employed NWC (1804-1821) and HBC
(1821-1853) mostly Athabasca Department Forts Vermilion, Chipewyan, and Dunvegan;
married Elizabeth McGillivray daughter of Honorable John McGillivray.
HBC (1831-1833+) working Quebec
Some of Suzanne's children are:
(III)- John Connolly Metis
(III)- Amelia Connolly Metis (1812-1890) married 1828 Fort Saint
James (I)-James Douglas Metis (1803-1877).
(III)- William James Connolly Metis, b-1807 worked for the HBC
(1825-1832) on the Pacific slopes
(III)- Henry Connolly Metis d-1910 joined HBC (1838-1869) various
posts then Esquimaux Bay, (deduced not proven)
Jacques
Joseph
Angelique
Susanne Desjarlais Metis, b-1822, Big Lake aka St. Albert, daughter Joseph DesjarlaisMetis
Jr. (1794-1794), she married Lac St. Ann, Joseph Pepamowew Courteorille,
Fort Edmonton 1823, Lesser Slave Lake (1823-1824), Fort Kilmaurs(1824-1825),
Babine (1825-1830)
Colin Robertson is temporary Chief Factor at Edmonton, House and unhappy with
his assignment..
1st married a Metis likely (II)-Mary McKay daughter (I)-Alexander McKay
(II)-Caroline McKenzie Metis bapt 1822 Columbia
District
(II)-Rachel McKenzie Metis bapt 1822 Columbia District
(II)-Donald McKenzie Metis bapt 1825 Red River
2nd marriage 1825 Adelgonde Droz b1807 they had three children
(I)-William Rowland (1802/03-1875) married 1825 Betsey
Ballendan native or Metis b-1795 Cumberland House
(II)-William Rowland Metis b-1827
married 1856 Helen Beauregard
(III)-William
Rowland Metis b-1855 married 1888 Margaret Metis b-1864
(II)-John Rowland Metis b-1833
Cumberland House HBC (1853-1869) on the Saskatchewan married about 1862 Sophie Metis b-1841, (Alberta) living St. Albert 1901
(II)-Emma Rowland Metias
(II)-Robert Cummins Wilson Metis (1852-1913)
1st married 1804 Ann a Native,
2nd
marriage 1814 NWT Hannak (Anna) Turner. See (Metis 1820)?
Served Red River, Cumberland House, York Factory, (1815-1822)
Bow River expedition (1822-1823)
Fort Edmonton 1823, Lesser Slave Lake (1823-1824), Fort Kilmaurs(1824-1825),
Babine (1825-1830)
New Caledonia, Columbia District (1825-1841) He had
three wives the first being native women and children not identified ; 3rd wife
married 1821, churched December 8, 1838 Fort Vancouver Catherine
(Kitty) Horteuse Umfreville Metis daughter Thomas Umfreville and Anne Turner
Cree/Metis (1805-1886)
He formalized his
marriage 1838 to Catherine (Kitty) Humpherville, Metis daughter of Thomas
Humpherville b-1740 and Anna Turner Cree/Metis b-1785 Moose Factory, Their
children were
(III)-Andre (Andrew) Dominique Pambrun Metis b-1821 Cumberland House,
d-1895, married Marie (Mary) Cook (1824-1912)
(III)-Pierre Chrysologue Pambrun Metis Jr. b-1823 Fort Edmonton,
d-1890/1902, he
stayed in Manitoba and became
involved in the Riel Rebellion, losing an arm in the process
(III)-Marie Pambrun Metis
(1826-1890), married (I)-Forbes Barely (1812-1873
(III)-Alexander
Pambrun
Metis (1829-1912),
(III)-Thomas Pambrun Metis (1832-1896),
born Columbia
District, married 1st. Shoshone, 2nd Jane Tenday Indian
(III)-Jean
Baptiste/John Pambrun
Metis b-1839
(III)-Alexander Pambrun Metis (1829-1912)
(III)-Maria Pambrun Metis
(III)-Ada (Adele) Pambrun Metis b-1835
(III)-Harriet Pambrun Metis (1837-1916)
(III)-Sarah Pambrun Metis (1841-1844)
1st married March 5, 1839 likely Assiniboia region, Nancy Smith;
2nd marriage about 1859 Fort Halkett, MacKenzie River, or likely Beaver Lake region,
Genevieve Desjarlais, Metis b-1827 Alberta daughter Joseph Desjarlais Metis Jr.
b-1794. .James was employed HBC
(1842-1872) Mackinzie River and Athabasca Districts
(III)-Margaret Anne Pruden Metis b-1859 bapt 1860 daughter Genevieve
1st wife (II)-Nancy Sutherland bapt 1837 likely daughter (I)-James Sutherland
(1778-1844) and Jane Flett (1785-1935) an Indian, 2nd wife Wiltamist
Chinook Woman and 3rd wife Cowletz Woman
Julia Forrest Metis bapt 1837 Red River daughter Nancy
Sutherland
Mary Jane Forrest Metis born before 1833 likely daughter
Nancy Sutherland
Anne Forrest Metis born before 1833, bapt Fort Vancouver,
living Victoria 1851, married 1859 daughter of Wiltamist Chinook Woman, there
might be two Anne's?? one with Nancy and one with Chinook woman?
Therese Forrest Metis daughter of Cowletz Woman
Fort Edmonton, birth (II)-Hugh Gibson, Metis, died December 15, 1831, son
(I)-Hugh Gibson (1780-1869) employed HBC (1797-1824) and Indian woman.
Yvette Vinson Metis is one of his decendents
87 men
106 women
136 male children
140 female children
(II)-Colin Fraser Jr., Metis, b-1819
(II)-Simon
Fraser Metis,
(II)-Norquay Fraser Metis
Three unnamed girls were recorded in 1838
(II)-John Fraser Metis born 1841 or Rocky Mountain
House (1842 or 1843).
(II)-Floria Fraser Metis b-1845
Catherine Cunningham, Metis (1848-1848),
Samuel Cunningham, Metis (1849-1919),
John Cunningham, Metis (1851-1904),
James Cunningham, Metis (1854-1940),
Albert Cunningham, Metis (1856-1925),
Nancy Cunningham, Metis (1858-1918),
Edward Cunningham, Metis (1862-1920),
Daniel Cunningham, Metis (1864-1955),
Rachel Cunningham, Metis (1866-1881),
Henry Cunningham, Metis (1868-1955)
Alfred Cunningham, Metis (1868-1936).Back to Top
ALBERTA
HISTORY 1850-1869
ALBERTA HISTORY Return to ALBERTA index