Helpful Hints On Relating To People
Seriously Ill With Schizophrenia

• Focus on the consumer's actions, rather than words. Measure his/her capabilities and progress
  on the basis of what they do, or what seems likely they should be able to do. Don't overlook
  cognitive deficits Do not make the assumption that control of bizarre thinking and behaviour
  means that the consumer is functioning normally.

• Promote Independence. Expect disabled consumers to do as much as they can, even when
  it results in some time delay, inconvenience, struggle or discomfort. Involve consumers in
  family and treatment decisions.

• Be Encouraging. While it is important to point out errors, and encourage self-corrective
  behaviours and self-monitoring, it is even more important to call attention to the person's
  assets and successes, so they won't get discouraged. Go easy on criticism; offer praise
  after every achievement.

• Regulate tone and rythm of voice. give instructions, and supply feedback in a calm, firm voice,
  while maintaining eye contact. Don't shout as though the consumer can't hear you. Simplify
  what you want to communicate, by speaking more slowly and clearly, in shorter and simpler
  sentences. Employ gestures as needed, but don't talk down to the consumer. Give him/her
  time to response.

• Repeat instructions. If the consumer is quite resistant, or even argumentative, don't repeat
  what you want ("broken record") or leave and return to ask again. In short, proceed with
  good natured persistance, avoiding "power struggles"

• Respect the Person's limits. They may be more alert at some times of the day than others.
  Frequent breaks, or rest periods may be needed.

• Set your goals for the long haul. Take gratification from small, but real gains in the performance,
  or prevention of further deterioration. Remember the goal is for the patient to accomplish without,
  or with minimum assistance.

• Establish a routine. Active but uncluttered daily schedules, with regular mealtimes and activities,
  helps the consumer to stay organized. Written or posted schedules may help some patients.

• Structure a balance of activities. It is crucial to keep each consumer as physically, mentally, and
  socially active as possible, to prevent mental, emotional, and physical deterioration. For example,
  insist that they stay out of bed except during agreed upon hours, dress and groom appropriately,
  make minimal uses of "crutches", and involve themselves with others.

• Assist with basic needs if required. Consumers who are quite disorganized may require supervision
  of their medications, and may require that others anticipate, and supply certain needs
  (e.g. meal preparation; money management)

• Attention / concentration problems:

  • Find a quiet place without distractions when you want to talk or work with a consumer.

  • Schedule activities with regard for the consumer's limits, i.e. shorter and more frequent sessions.

  • Shorten and simplify what you have to say to the consumer, using demonstration or written
    instructions, as needed, to promote understanding.

  • Always explain what you intend to do with the consumer, before initiating the activity. This gives
    them the chance to get oriented, and raises the chances and co-operation.

  • If the consumer is apt to say no, give them the choice of two or three activities so they can
    have control over what they do.

  • Avoid making your requests in a way that can simply be answered with a "no"

  • Always start with a simpler task, and build from there, so the consumer can enjoy as much success
    as possible, throughout the process.

  • Teach the person to carry written reminders or plans. If something interferes with their activity,
    such portable helps can enable them to stay goal directed, even when they are alone.